This study provides new insights into the role of photoprotection in preformed and induced defence two wheat genotypes with contrasting phenotypes to infection by Zymoseptoria tritici. We investigated mechanisms photoprotective response during early infection, including nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), β-carotene-derived xanthophylls, reactive oxygen species, phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA),...

The wheat tan spot fungus (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) produces a well-characterized host-selective toxin (HST) known as Ptr ToxA, which induces necrosis in genotypes that harbor the Tsn1 gene on chromosome 5B. In previous work, we showed that the Stagonospora nodorum isolate Sn2000 produces at least 2 HSTs (SnTox1 and SnToxA). Sensitivity to SnTox1 is governed by the Snn1 gene on chromosome ...

The ToxA gene of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis encodes a host-selective toxin (Ptr ToxA) that has been shown to confer pathogenicity when used to transform a non-pathogenic wheat isolate. Major karyotype polymorphisms between pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains, and to a lesser extent among pathogenic strains, and among non-pathogenic strains were identified. ToxA was localized to a 3.0 Mb chr...

Population fluctuation monitoring of wheat thrips Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov, 1912) (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) was evaluated on the Tosunbey (wheat) and Tarım92 (barley) cultivars by weekly samplings from plant emergence to harvest season in 2016 2017 Isparta (Center). Adult nymphal stages individuals were collected using direct sampling shake-out methods. In method, cut above-ground p...

Investigations in the airborne mycoflora of Karachi was carried out using Spore Trapper technique along with culture media Petri plate technique. In order to collect different types of airborne fungal spores, five sites were selected for installing the spore trappers. In the course of collected spores, different types of fungal spores were identified. The study revealed that the fungal spores w...

The effects of cochlioquinone A, isolated from Drechslera sacchari, were studied in vitro and in vivo. This compound specifically inhibited diacylglycerol kinase activity with Ki = 3.1 microM. The kinetics revealed that cochlioquinone A inhibited diacylglycerol kinase in competition with ATP, and non-competitively with diacylglycerol. The compound inhibited neither protein kinase C, epidermal g...

The aim of this study was to identify the endophytic fungi from medicinal plant Ricinus communis and to investigate their potential antibacterial activity. 10 fungal species of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from Ricinus communis including Aspergillus fumigates, Aspergillus japonicas, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium semitectum, Curvularia pallescens, Phoma hedericola, Alternaria tenuis...

Bioremediation is an inexpensive mean to remove hazardous metal ions from the contaminated effluent. Effluent from the local textile industry was characterized for the incidence of fungal strains and its physiochemical properties were investigated. Sampling was done spanning a distance of five km from the effluent’s discharge point. Effluent was analyzed and highest colony forming units per mL ...

Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr) is a causal agent of tan spot in wheat Kazakhstan, as it has been around the world. The pathogen produces host-specific toxins which interact with host sensitivity loci. aim this study was 1) to identify whether selected Kazakhstani isolates P. tritici- repentis possessed Ptr toxin genes ToxA and/or ToxB and 2) varieties resistant HST ToxB. As result analysis ...