Drinking water has heterogeneous effects on energy intake (EI), energy expenditure (EE), fat oxidation (FO) and weight change in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving adults and/or children. The aim of this qualitative review of RCTs was to identify conditions associated with negative, null and beneficial effects of drinking water on EI, EE, FO and weight, to generate hypotheses about w...

Drinking water quality was investigated at source and corresponding point-of-use in 2 peri-urban areas receiving drinking water either by communal water tanker or by delivery directly from the distribution system to household-based groundtanks with taps. Water quality variables measured were heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms, E. coli, conductivity, turbidity, pH, and total and residual ch...

Introduction: Application of point-of-use (POU) drinking water treatment units is expanding across the world due to the increased concerns about the adverse health effects of water pollution. The main treatment systems of these devices are mostly activated carbon and nano-filter or reverse osmosis. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using POU units on phy...

The microbial monitoring of drinking water production systems is essential to assure water quality and minimize possible risks. However, the comparative impact of microbes from the surrounding aquifer and of those established within drinking water wells on water parameters remains poorly understood. High pressure jetting is a routine method to impede well clogging by fine sediments and also bio...

Drinking water supplies continue to be a major source of human disease and death globally because many of them remain unsafe and vulnerable. Greater efforts are needed to address the key issues and questions which influence the provision of safe drinking water. Efforts are needed to re-evaluate and set new and better priorities for drinking water research and practice. More stakeholders need to...

The growing need for clean drinking water worldwide has increased the interest in natural surface-water treatment techniques such as bank filtration. Bank filtration has been used for more than a century in drinking water production. Historically, it was recognized as an efficient natural attenuation process ensuring sustainability of drinking-water supply. If bank-filtration facilities are des...

Contents 1. Introduction 2. Drinking water quality standards and their development 2.1. WHO drinking water quality guidelines 2.2. Health related chemicals 2.3. Microbiological aspects 2.4. Acceptability aspects 2.5. Development of national drinking water quality standard 3. Wastewater quality standard 4. Water quality consideration in various water uses 4.1. Agricultural water use and preventi...

Water pollution is one of the major threats to public health in Pakistan. Drinking water quality is poorly managed and monitored. Pakistan ranks at number 80 among 122 nations regarding drinking water quality. Drinking water sources, both surface and groundwater are contaminated with coliforms, toxic metals and pesticides throughout the country. Various drinking water quality parameters set by ...

OBJECTIVES To assess the health risks associated with consumption of drinking water with elevated nickel concentration in a NSW country town named Sampleton. METHODS We used enHealth Guidelines (2002) as our risk assessment tool. Laboratory test results for nickel in water samples were compared with the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines 2004 and the World Health Organization's (WHO) Guidel...