Introduction. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis. Drug susceptibility testing performed by phenotypic and molecular tests. Commonly used for drug automated BACTEC system in a liquid culture medium. line probe tests was introduced almost 15 years ago. Recently whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis M. strains demonstrated that genotyping drug-resistance could be ac...

Background : Tuberculosis is known as one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. 1.7 milliard people worldwide are infected with TB germs, there are 8 million new cases of TB annually, and three million deaths occur due to the disease in developing countries. Materials and Methods: This study included all the cases who had referred to all the health centers of Lorestan province with posi...

BACKGROUND The spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems through the world. Surveillance of anti-TB drug resistance is essential for monitoring of TB control strategies. The occurrence of drug resistance, particularly multi-drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR), defined as resistance to at least rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH), has bec...

BACKGROUND The yield of mycobacterial blood cultures for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) among drug-resistant TB suspects has not been described. METHODS We performed a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis to determine the yield of mycobacterial blood cultures for MDR-TB and XDR-TB among patients suspected of drug-resistant TB from rural South...

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of primary and secondary resistance to antituberculosis drugs and the risk factors associated with the resistance in southeast Spain. Our research was based on the clinical histories of 276 patients, diagnosed as having tuberculosis by positive culture, who were tested for drug susceptibility between January 1988 and October 1994. The clini...

Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a major public health problem. The aim of this study was to assess the local susceptibility patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and clinical outcomes of drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) at Srinagarind Hospital, a tertiary care center in northeastern Thailand. Between January 2004 and December 2008, 1,052 patients had culture-proven M. tuberculosis infections...

This thesis examines the contrasting roles of genetic drift and selection on the emergence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In clinical practice some alleles of rifampicin resistance are isolated more frequently than others. To identify if this variation is due to genetic drift or selection, the mutation rate to rifampicin resistance in M. tuberculosis (H37Rv) was determined. P...

Tuberculosis remains a growing threat of infectious diseases of twenty-first century. An attempt to find new antituberculosis agents was made especially to treat multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. One of the most promising drugs is bedaquiline - a new drug approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and by the European Union countries. This compound is intended ...

tuberculosis: predictors and relationship to treatment outcome. Ann Intern Med 2006; 144: 650–659. 12 Leimane V, Dravniece G, Riekstina V, et al. Treatment outcome of multidrug/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Latvia, 2000–2004. Eur Respir J 2010; 36: 584–593. 13 Kurbatova EV, Taylor A, Gammino VM, et al. Predictors of poor outcomes among patients treated for multidrug-resistant tuber...

Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a public health concern. TB that drug-resistant to rifampin and isoniazid known as MDR-TB, whereas XDR-TB MDR-TB also resistant second-line medicines, such fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin). rifampin-resistant (RR-TB), of which 78 percent had multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) (MDR-TB). Fluoroquinolones are class broad-spectrum antimicrobials have...