Abstract. Solar cells have been made from hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films. The films including Si nanoparticles by 3% in the volume fraction have been found to possess good properties. In order to find the method to control this volume fraction, the motion of Si nanoparticles in the rarefied flow of H2 and SiH4 is examined for a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) reactor by use of th...

Adaptive Mesh and Algorithm Reenement (AMAR) embeds a particle method within a continuum method at the nest level of an adaptive mesh reenement (AMR) hierarchy. The coupling between the particle region and the overlaying continuum grid is algorithmically equivalent to that between the ne and coarse levels of AMR. Direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) is used as the particle algorithm embeded wit...

This paper presents the results of numerical studies of rotational-translational nonequilibrium, kinetic, and diffusive processes in spherical expanding gas flows. Computations are made using the direct simulation Monte-Carlo (DSMC) method [1, 2] and the solver [3] of the Navier-Stokes equations in terms of classical and quantum concepts [3-7], at the Knudsen numbers Kn* from 0.0015 to 0.03 and...

We propose a new ES-BGK model for diatomic gases which allows translational–rotational and translational–vibrational energy exchanges, as given by Landau–Teller Jeans relaxation equations. This is consistent with the general definition of vibrational rotational collision numbers that are also commonly used in DSMC solvers. It proved to satisfy H-theorem give correct transport coefficients, up v...

Abstract Neural networks (NN) are taking over ever more decisions thus far taken by humans, even though verifiable system-level guarantees out of reach. Neither is the verification technology available, nor it understood what a formal, meaningful, extensible, and scalable testbed might look like for such technology. The present paper an attempt to improve on both above aspects. We family formal...

A MODULAR PARTICLE-CONTINUUM NUMERICAL ALGORITHM FORHYPERSONIC NON-EQUILIBRIUM FLOWS byThomas Edward Schwartzentruber Chairperson: Iain D. Boyd Hypersonic vehicles traveling at high altitudes experience conditions ranging fromrarefied to continuum flow. Even within a mostly continuum flow, there may belocal regions of rarefied (or non-equilibrium) flow generated by sharp leading...

In [16] a visco-elastic relaxation system, called the relaxed Burnett system, was proposed by Jin and Slemrod as a moment approximation to the Boltzmann equation. The relaxed Burnett system is weakly parabolic, has a linearly hyperbolic convection part, and is endowed with a generalized entropy inequality. It agrees with the solution of the Boltzmann equation up to the Burnett order via the Cha...

This article describes the development of an integrated physical model for the rf diode sputtering of metal thin films. The model consists of: ~1! a computational fluid dynamic finite element model for the velocity and pressure distribution of the working gas Ar flow in the chamber, ~2! a steady-state plasma model for the flux and energy of Ar ions striking the target and the substrate, ~3! a m...