of a thesis at the University of Miami. Evidence suggests that smiles can function as signals of cooperative intent—by producing a smile, the smiler can expect to receive benefits from perceivers and perceivers can expect a return from smilers. However, this type of signal is seemingly susceptible to the evolution of cheats who smile in the absence of cooperative intent, thereby receiving the b...

This paper estimates the social costs of job loss due to environmental regulation. Per job lost, potential social costs of job loss are high, plausibly over $100,000 in present value costs (2012 dollars) per permanently lost job. However, these social costs will typically be far less than the earnings associated with lost jobs, because labor markets and workers adjust, increased leisure has som...

Endemic goiter is clustered occurrences of goiter affecting more than 10% of the population in particular regions. The majority cases are attributed to environmental factors such as iodine deficiency, or food and water containing goiter-causing agents called goitrogens. We report a new type of endemic goiter where the basic abnormality was not due to environment factors, but to thyroglobulin ge...

Stressful events during early childhood can have a profound lifelong influence on emotional and cognitive behaviors. However, the mechanisms by which stress affects neonatal brain circuit formation are poorly understood. Here, we show that neonatal social isolation disrupts molecular, cellular, and circuit developmental processes, leading to behavioral dysfunction. Neonatal isolation prevented ...

UNLABELLED INTRODUCTION Excessive fluid intake can lead to water intoxication, electrolyte abnormalities, exacerbation of heart failure and anatomical changes in the urinary tract that may present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for patients and physicians. Although the development of nonobstructive hydronephrosis is recognized in patients with central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidu...

In this paper we explore the impact of an inter-classrooms math tournament implemented through internet. The strategy is to increase learning through intra-classroom collaboration generated by inter-classroom competition. Ten fourth grade classes with all their students from eight schools participated. During previous weeks students practiced on-line and played a cloud based board game designed...

Results HRV was detected in 65.5% (660/1007). There was a significant difference between males and females acquiring the disease (57.5%, 380/660 vs 42.4%, 280/660, respectively. P value <0.05). Children who were 1 year of age or less had more infection than those who were over 1 year of age (81%, 534/660 vs. 19%, 126/660, respectively; P=0.0005). Infections occured throughout the year with no c...

Because human parvovirus B19 (B19) infections are common in children, and maternal infection of pregnant women may cause fetal death, risk factors for B19 infections for hospital and school employees were identified during an endemic period. By serologic testing, 2730 employees of 135 schools in three school systems and 751 employees of a hospital were monitored. Of these, 60% were initially se...

Background Knowledge on malignant hyperthermia (MH) has expanded vastly during the past decades, but not everyone is up to date on all this newfound knowledge. To assess the current level of knowledge on MH, a survey was performed among Dutch anaesthesia personnel. Research questions were: What is the current general knowledge of anaesthesia personnel about MH; furthermore, do anaesthesiologist...