Water scarcity is one of the factors limiting plant growth and development. More than onethird of the global terrestrial ecosystems is located in arid and semi-arid regions. The mostimportant limiting factor for plant growth is water shortage. Drought could significantlychange the natural vegetation cover. Rainfall reduction in Iraq, Turkey and Syria hasreduced vegetation cover so that dust sto...

Particulate matters have detrimental effects on human health, environment and economic. This pollutant may emit from anthropogenic or natural sources. On global scale, main proportion of natural particulate matter release to the atmosphere because of wind erosion from arid and semi-arid regions. Recently, the amount of dust coming from Arabian countries has dramatically increased, especially du...

Volcanic ash contributed significantly to particulate matter (PM) in Iceland following the eruptions in Eyjafjallajökull 2010 and Grímsvötn 2011. This study aimed to investigate the association between different PM sources and emergency hospital visits for cardiorespiratory causes from 2007 to 2012. Indicators of PM10 sources; "volcanic ash", "dust storms", or "other sources" (traffic, firework...

abstract particular matters which are referred as pm contents in air are one of the main indexes in air pollution studies. pms are consisted of water, solid particles with aerodynamic radius less than 10 micrometer or less than 2.5 micrometer. the main aim of this study is to find possibility of the usage of modis images for estimation of pm10 concentration of dust storms. to achieve this goal ...

[1] Recent experimental and modeling studies show that large quasi-static electric fields (2–20 kV/m) can be developed in a Martian or terrestrial dust devil as a result of contact electrification and charge separation of dust grains with different sizes and compositions. Electric discharging occurs when the maximum electric field reaches breakdown values ( 20 kV/m on Mars and 3 MV/m on Earth, ...

1. introduction in recent years, desert dust frequency has increased in the global system. due to lack of vegetation in the regions prone to dust, the earth’s surface air becomes warm enough in these regions, moves upward and causes a cold downward circular air flow when it collides with upper tropospheric winds. when these winds strongly hit the earth’s surface, they create dust storms (xuan e...

Every year, a large number of aerosols are released from dust storms into the atmosphere, which may have potential impacts on the climate, environment, and air quality. Detecting dust aerosols and monitoring their movements and evolutions in a timely manner is a very significant task. Satellite remote sensing has been demonstrated as an effective means for observing dust aerosols. In this paper...