There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders. Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and coeliac disease, while extra-intestinal disorders include allergy, asthma, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and obesity.

Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota is critical in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that dysbiosis in gut microbiota is associated with hypertension because genetic, environmental, and dietary factors profoundly influence both gut microbiota and blood pressure. Bacterial DNA from fecal samples of 2 rat models of hypertension...

The adult human intestine is home to an almost inconceivable number of microorganisms. Their population is up to 100 trillion, nearly 10 times larger than the total number of our somatic and germ cells. All three domains, including bacteria, archaea, and eukarya, are contained in the adult human gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the bacteria achieve the highest cell densities and phylogenetic div...

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most devastating gastrointestinal diseases in neonates, particularly among preterm infants in whom surgical NEC is the leading cause of morbidity. NEC pathophysiology occurs in the hyper-reactive milieu of the premature gut after bacterial colonization. The resultant activation of the TLR4 pathway appears to be a strongly contributing factor. Advanc...

With growing environmental pressures placed on our marine habitats there is concern that the prevalence and severity of diseases affecting marine organisms will increase. Yet relative to terrestrial systems, we know little about the underlying causes of many of these diseases. Moreover, factors such as saprophytic colonizers and a lack of baseline data on healthy individuals make it difficult t...

Microbial ecology and dysbiosis are topics worthy of study. This review article will be the first of a two-part series that will discuss normal flora and threats to its ecology resulting in dysbiosis. Microorganisms are generally required to attain critical population increases before they threaten the host. The research on the role of bacterial microorganisms which are considered to be part of...

UNLABELLED The composition of the human intestinal microbiota is linked to health status. The aim was to analyze the microbiota of normal and colon cancer patients in order to establish cancer-related dysbiosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Stool bacterial DNA was extracted prior to colonoscopy from 179 patients: 60 with colorectal cancer, and 119 with normal colonoscopy. Bacterial genes obtained by ...

The human gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is a rich and dynamic community inhabited by approximately 1014 bacteria, most of which have not yet been cultivated in the laboratory (Zoetendal et al, 2006). The GI microbiota has been suggested as one of the etiological factors in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with a putative role in the development and maintenance of IBS symptoms (for a review, s...