BACKGROUND The incidence of melanoma has been increasing faster than that of any other cancer in the United States. It is unclear whether the increase is related to increased surveillance or other changes in the disease. OBJECTIVE To examine changes in melanoma rates by several measures of severity of disease and to review the ways in which increased surveillance may cause lead-time bias thro...

Current state-of-the-art diagnostic measures of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are invasive (cerebrospinal fluid analysis), expensive (neuroimaging) and time-consuming (neuropsychological assessment) and thus have limited accessibility as frontline screening and diagnostic tools for AD. Thus, there is an increasing need for additional noninvasive and/or cost-effective tools, allowing identification o...

Fourteen cases of acute spinal epidural abscess are analysed. Postoperatively 6 recovered completely, 4 patients recovered enough to allow unaided walking, 2 died and 2 who were paraplegic pre-operatively remained so. The purpose of this paper is to remind readers of the existence of this condition and to plead for early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment.

Lyme disease is the most commonly transmitted vector-borne disease in the United States, with many regions of the country at risk. Like other spirochete-borne infections, Lyme disease progresses in stages, making diagnosis in the early stages of the illness and prompt treatment important for cure. An early diagnosis is made difficult by the less-than-ideal serologic tests and the varied clinica...

Although bone and soft-tissue sarcomas are rare, early diagnosis and prompt referral to a specialised unit offers the best chance of a successful outcome both in terms of survival and surgical resection. This paper highlights the clinical and radiological features that might suggest the possibility of a bone or soft-tissue sarcoma and suggests a succinct management pathway for establishing whet...

Uterine cervical cancer is caused, mostly, by persistent infection with some types of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), with types 16 and 18 showing higher risk for developing the disease. Because there is no effective drug treatment, early diagnosis of cervical cancer is very important for prognosis. The objective of this paper is to review the current immunohistochemical markers used in diagnosis,...

BACKGROUND Growing technological capacity and parent and professional advocacy highlight the need to understand public expectations of newborn population screening. METHODS We administered a bilingual (French, English) Internet survey to a demographically proportional sample of Canadians in 2013 to assess preferences for the types of diseases to be screened for in newborns by using a discrete...

ecause cervical cancer has few subjective symptoms, and progression to invasive cancer is slow, early detection of precancerous lesions by screening is important for prevention. It is globally acknowledged that the prevalence of cervical cancer screening as a secondary prevention is effective for reducing the incidence of cervical cancer and mortality. However, adherence with the recommended sc...

Two vector borne diseases, caused by the Bluetongue and Schmallenberg viruses respectively, have emerged in the European ruminant populations since 2006. Several diseases are transmitted by the same vectors and could emerge in the future. Syndromic surveillance, which consists in the routine monitoring of indicators for the detection of adverse health events, may allow an early detection. Milk ...

Endoscopic image of achalasia usually shows dilated esophageal cavity with retained liquids and foods. Recently, "pinstripe pattern" (PSP) in the case of achalasia patient was reported as an endoscopic image of the indicator for early detection of achalasia. The typical endoscopic image of PSP can be recognized in this case.