BACKGROUND Opportunities for research on the causes and consequences of stress-related hippocampal atrophy are limited in human psychiatric disorders. Therefore, this longitudinal study investigated early life stress and inherited variation in monkey hippocampal volumes. METHODS Paternal half-siblings raised apart from one another by different mothers in the absence of fathers were randomized...

Traumatic events in early life are implicated in an increased risk of psychiatric diseases, such as depression and anxiety disorders. Serotonin is thought to play a central role in stress-induced psychiatric diseases. Serotonergic systems, including neural organization and receptor function, could dramatically change with each developmental stage. Here, we reviewed the persistent influence of e...

Recent evidence suggests that early exposure to mild stress promotes the development of novelty seeking behavior. Here we test this hypothesis in squirrel monkeys and investigate whether novelty seeking behavior is associated with differences in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA), the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA), the n...

background & aims: psychological interventions may improve the quality of life in asthmatic patients through affecting the bio-psycho-social dimensions. this study is aimed to assess the efficacy of cognitive behavioral stress management (cbsm) group education on improvement of quality of life in asthmatic patients. method& materials: this was an experimental study using randomized pre-, post- ...

Stress experienced early in life exerts a powerful, lasting influence on development. Converging empirical findings show that stressful experiences become deeply embedded in the child's neurobiology, with an astonishing range of long-term effects on cognition, emotion, and behavior. In contrast with the prevailing view that such effects are the maladaptive outcomes of 'toxic' stress, adaptive m...

Chronic early life stress increases adult risk for depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, illnesses characterized by aberrant functions of cognition and memory. We asked whether chronic early life stress disrupts maturation of gamma oscillations, on which these functions depend. Lifelong impairment of the stress response results from separation of rat pups from the dam for three hours ...

Stress can have lasting effects on the brain and behavior. Delineating the impact of stress on the developing brain is fundamental for understanding mechanisms through which stress induces persistent effects on behavior that can lead to psychopathology. The growing field of translational developmental neuroscience has revealed a significant role of the timing of stress on risk, resilience, and ...

Childhood adversity can have life-long consequences for the response to stressful events later in life. Abuse or severe neglect are well-known risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), at least in part via changes in neural systems mediating the endocrine response to stress. Determining the biological signatures of risk for stress-related mental disorders such as PTSD is important...

Early life adversity increases the risk of mental disorders later in life. Chronic early life stress may alter neurotrophic factor gene expression including those for brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) that are important in neuronal growth, survival, and maintenance. Maternal separation was used in this study to model early life stress. Fo...

background: it is hypothesized that the impacts of life events accumulate and can trigger and promote atherosclerosis in susceptible individuals. in the current study, the correlation of total life stressors during 1 year was investigated relative to coronary artery disease (cad). methods: the study population consisted of 148 males and 152 females aged 35–76 years. the subjects were classified...