The expected decline of health indicators with economic recessions and improvement with economic growth in the nineteenth century Sweden was reversed in the twentieth century, giving the counterintuitive pattern of higher mortality and lower life expectancy in economic expansions and improvement of these indices in recessions. The change or "tipping point" occurred at the end of the nineteenth ...

BACKGROUND The frequent outbreak of environmental threats in China has resulted in increased criticism regarding the health effects of China's urbanization. Urbanization is a double-edged sword with regard to health in China. Although great efforts have been made to investigate the mechanisms through which urbanization influences health, the effect of both economic development and urbanization ...

Declining production from conventional oil resources has initiated a global transition to unconventional oil, such as tar sands. Unconventional oil is generally harder to extract than conventional oil and is expected to have a (much) lower energy return on (energy) investment (EROI). Recently, there has been a surge in publications estimating the EROI of a number of different sources of oil, an...

2.2 Periprosthetic Joint Infections in the Spectrum of the German Diagnosis-Related Groups System – 14 Sascha Gravius and Hendrik Kohlhof 2.2.

The significance of non-renewable resources in economic development is an on-going debate between optimists and pessimists, but what insights does it provide for contemporary societies who need to choose between alternative growth paths? This paper aims to explain the depletion of non-renewable resources within the concept of externalities in order to determine the range of externalities for fu...

The economic ramifications of the creation of a knowledge-based economy (KBE) are that it would increase the competitiveness of a country and at the same time increase its stock of knowledge for future economic innovations. Economists have now shifted their focus to the creation and diffusion of knowledge to explain the varying levels of this economic growth and development. In the last couple ...

In this, the first comprehensive one-volume survey of the economies of classical antiquity, twenty-eight chapters summarize the current state of scholarship in their specialized fields and sketch new directions for research. The approach taken is both thematic, with chapters on the underlying determinants of economic performance, and chronological, with coverage of the whole of the Greek and Ro...

"This paper, in a comparative analysis of the Philippines and Indonesia, examines first under what conditions can migration favorably contribute to the process of economic development and then to what extent can economic growth impact upon reducing emigration pressures in these labor surplus economies. The paper also argues that there is still considerable scope for putting in place [an] agreed...

The term sustainable development has been misunderstood and misinterpreted, often parodied, and even derided. Today we face the consequences of our wilful dismissal. Climate change is upon us. Had we taken sustainable development more seriously, we might have done far more to create a healthy society and environment. But unbridled economic development, predicated on unfettered use of resources,...

This paper provides an overview of the venture capital industry, and its development in Asia and Singapore. Venture capital plays an important role in innovation and economic growth. Indeed, the resurgence of the United States as a technology leader is intimately linked to the success of Silicon Valley. As Singapore enters the next phase of economic development, the creation of internal engines...