Biodiversity offsetting is the widely studied last step of mitigation hierarchy. Despite numerous studies and methodological development completed for biodiversity calculations, human aspect remains unsolved. conservation typically governed at national or state levels, but harm caused to as well people occurs locally. In offsetting, values can be relocated far from original area, relocating hol...

Protected areas in Kenya constitute 7% of the total land area with over 75% of wildlife in the country being found on private or communal land. Rural communities in Kenya, where protected areas generally exist, face a range of development issues with limited resources and livelihood opportunities. In this context, community-based biodiversity conservation has the potential to promote ecotourism...

Fo re st ry B rie fin g N um be r 4, M ay 2 00 3 Introduction A major reason for the high failure rate of rural development forestry projects is the weak economic incentives for local forest users and other stakeholders to participate in sustainable forest management (SFM). In view of the high dependency of the rural poor on forests for their livelihoods, this has serious poverty implications. ...

Tasik Chini, the second largest fresh water lake in Malaysia is the land of Aboriginals or Orang Asli typically known, Orang Jakun. The Jakun community is highly dependent on the local ecosystem for their livelihood during the early years of their settlement in surrounding areas, particularly on the richness of the 12 sea or lauts of Tasik Chini. The mainstay of its economy in the last two deca...

Non-existent micro-level estimates on the impact of migration on livelihood in rural areas in Kenya, compounded with minimal literature on the same, called for this study. This study used secondary data from the 2005 to 2015 African Wildlife Foundation Livelihoods dataset from Kilimanjaro landscape, with the purpose was of undertaking a comparative livelihood analysis between the in-migrant and...

contrary to the past approaches, as the transportation speed and the number of vehicles have increased, nowadays, the major roads do not go through the cities and are laid out on the brink with a particular distance instead and linked with the city’s network through a set of connecting roads instead. construction of these connecting roads can have diverse effects on economic, social and cultura...

This research has concentrated on the physical and socio-economic impacts of vegetation-based management scenarios targeting on flooding and soil erosion issues in the Ramian watersheds. The Ramian watershed with an approximate area of 24000 ha is located in Golestan, Iran. For each sub-watershed, four biological actions (activities) and 16 management scenarios have been considered. Physical im...

Not all migration behaviours in the context of environmental change are the same. The elderly migrate differently from the young, men from women and the relatively wealthy from the relatively poor. This working paper aims to explain demographic change in post-disaster communities in systemic terms, applying the perspective of socialecological resilience in livelihood systems. Two concepts from ...

Nigeria's local food economy was affected by state-imposed restrictions to curb the spread of COVID-19 in communities. Street vendors and consumers are among system actors impacted such because their livelihood security contingent on daily operations street. Informed a descriptive qualitative approach, we interviewed 31 street who shared experiences how lockdown them. Vendors reported vario...

In the past decade there has been increased support from governments, NGOs and donor agencies for collective livelihood interventions organised by poor women. This support is largely in response to two assumptions: first, that collective enterprises are an effective buffer for the economic vulnerability of poor women, particularly since market liberalisation has made the livelihoods of individu...