Let $pounds$ be the category of locally compact abelian groups and $A,Cin pounds$. In this paper, we define component extensions of $A$ by $C$ and show that the set of all component extensions of $A$ by $C$ forms a subgroup of $Ext(C,A)$ whenever $A$ is a connected group. We establish conditions under which the component extensions split and determine LCA groups which are component projective. ...

Abstract Economic considerations are an important component in the planning and execution of a telemedicine program. The goal of this review is to familiarize readers with economic concepts relevant to the analysis of telemedicine programs. Economic perspectives, cost attribution, types of economic analysis, and commonly encountered problems will be discussed as they pertain to telemedicine. So...

BACKGROUND According to statistics of American Society of Plastic Surgeons, cosmetic rhinoplasty was the second most frequently performed cosmetic surgery. This study shares the experiences with component rhinoplasty. METHODS From 2004 to 2010, all patients underwent aesthetic nasal surgery were enrolled. The patients requiring only correction of septal deviation and those presenting with cl...

We construct a new credit spread index, employing an extensive micro-level data set of secondary market prices of outstanding senior unsecured bonds over the 1973– 2009 period. Compared with the standard default-risk indicators such as the Baa-Aaa corporate bond spread and the paper-bill spread, our credit spread index is a robust predictor of future economic activity across a variety of econom...

introduction: agricultural activities increasingly use water, fertilizers and pesticides, which may generate negative impacts on environment. nowadays, nitrogen leaching from agricultural lands is a widespread global problem. therefore, alternative land management practices such as nutrient management (rate, method and time of application), tillage operations (conservation and no-tillage), and ...

this paper is concerned with the economic valuation of the coral reef within kish island in persian gulf of iran. for calculating this value, all components of use and non-use values are estimated and then according to each of them, suitable method has applied. many different evaluation tools such as contingent valuation method, zonal travel cost method, replacement cost, avoided cost method, ...

Component technologies in today’s software engineering are based on the ‘buy, don’t build’ philosophy. In the current economic situation the life cycle of a software product is shortening, so new versions should be presented more often. This cannot be achieved unless great portions of the old version are reused in the next one. . Before reusing them, components need to be classified into classe...