economic policy consists of various methodologies, approaches and models through which the economists devise strategies to influence the overall economy. the integration of theoretical and practical frameworks provides the ground for emerging new models which are a part of economic system of the countries.each economic model is a combination of specific methodology, theoretical bases and specia...

BACKGROUND The demand for economic models that evaluate cancer treatments is increasing, as healthcare decision makers struggle for ways to manage their budgets while providing the best care possible to patients with cancer. Yet, after nearly 2 decades of cultivating and refining techniques for modeling the cost-effectiveness and budget impact of cancer therapies, serious methodologic and polic...

this article will address the extension of super efficiency method to rank the non-extreme efficient decision making units. many methodologies have introduced methods that can rank efficient units, amongst which, the super efficiency method due to its ability to provide meaningful geometrical as well as economic analyses has a significant place. but the common problem with all the super efficie...

population growth as well as development of industry and agriculture has increased the demand and competition over water resources in large watersheds especially in zayandeh rud basin and severely affected on agriculture and environment sectors. hence, providing a best scenario for the allocation of water in this basin is essential. in this study, due to alternating periods of wet, drought and ...

Increasing neuroimaging evidence suggests an association between impulsive decision-making behavior and task-related brain activity. However, the relationship between impulsivity in decision-making and resting-state brain activity remains unknown. To address this issue, we used functional MRI to record brain activity from human adults during a resting state and during a delay discounting task (...

The standard economic model of decision making assumes a decision maker makes her choices to maximize her utility or happiness. Her current emotional state is not explicitly considered. Yet there is a large psychological literature that shows that current emotional state, in particular positive affect, has a significant effect on decision making, problem solving, and behavior. This paper offers...

Economic theory and common sense suggest that time preference can cause or perpetuate poverty. Might poverty also or instead cause impatient or impulsive behavior? This paper reports a randomized lab experiment and a partially randomized field experiment, both in India, and analysis of the American Time Use Survey. In all three studies, poverty is associated with diminished behavioral control. ...

Due to the increasing deterioration of the environment and its possible consequences for the health of the population the design and implementation of policies for the control of economic activities according to criteria for the protection of human health and the environment itself have become an unquestionable need. Such policies would include the economic feasibility of existing alternatives ...

Increasing reliance on IT and the worsening threat environment mean that organisations are under pressure to invest more in information security. A challenge is that the choices are hard: money is tight, objectives are not clear, and there are many relevant experts and stakeholders. A significant proportion of the research in security economics is about helping people and organisations make bet...