OBJECTIVE To clarify the principles of a safe delivery based on Clinical Governance Criteria, as recommended by the pertinent experts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The current study was part of a qualitative research conducted by content analysis method in 2013 and purposive sampling, performing 24 in-depth interviews based on semi-structured questions and analyzed using thematic content analysis. T...

In this chapter we derive a new property for an optimal solution of the economic lotsizing problem with time-invariant cost parameters. We show that the total holding cost in an order interval of an optimal solution is bounded from above by a quantity proportional to the setup cost and the logarithm of the number of periods in the interval. Furthermore, we show how this property may be used for...

The economic lot and delivery scheduling problem for a multi-stage supply chain comprising multiple items is studied in this paper. It is required to develop a synchronized replenishment strategy, and specify the sequence of production and the replenishment cycle time that achieves synchronization through the supply chain at minimum cost. The problem is presented in a novel formulation based on...

At the end of 2003, national and local newspapers carried stories of worsening economic conditions for Americans. For the second year in a row, household income fell and the poverty rate rose. Midwesterners and people of color were particularly hard hit. Minnesotans, however, escaped the worsening economic situation. In Minnesota, median income and the poverty rate remained level. In 2002, medi...

The problem of lot sizing, sequencing and scheduling multiple products in flow line production systems has been studied by several authors. Almost all of the researches in this area assumed that setup times and costs are sequence –independent even though sequence dependent setups are common in practice. In this paper we present a new mixed integer non linear program (MINLP) and a heuristic meth...

    Dynamic model,   regional economy,   innovation.   This paper presents a normative balance mathematical model of regional economy that contains a lot of unspecified parameters which are not defined directly by the data of economic statistics. A method for estimation of the model parameters by application of parallel computations on multi-processors systems is presented. It is determined the...

NP{hard cases of the single{item capacitated lot{sizing problem have been the topic of extensive research and continue to receive considerable attention. However, surprisingly few theoretical results have been published on approximation methods for these problems. To the best of our knowledge, until now no polynomial approximation method is known which produces solutions with a relative deviati...

L.A. Wolsey * A class of strong valid inequalities is described for the single-item uncapacitated economic lot-sizing problem with start-up costs. It is shown that these inequalities yield a complete polyhedral characterization of the problem. The corresponding separation problem is formulated as a shortest path problem. Finally, a reformulation as a plant location problem is shown to imply the...

We consider a continuous-time variant of the classical Economic Lot-Sizing (ELS) problem. In this model, the setup cost is a continuous function with lower bound Kmin > 0, the demand and holding costs are integrable functions of time and the replenishment decisions are not restricted to be multiples of a base period. Starting from the assumption that certain operations involving the setup and h...