Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) is a cool-season annual grass cultivated worldwide for its high yield and quality. With the areas of saline soil increasing, investigation of the molecular mechanisms of annual ryegrass tolerance under salt stress has become a significant topic. qRT-PCR has been a predominant assay for determination of the gene expression, in which selecting a valid internal...

This paper summarizes three experiments on the genetic manipulation of fitness components involved in the evolution of lifespan through the introduction of an additional copy of the gene for elongation factor EF1 oL into the genome of Drosophila melanogaster. The first experiment checked a prior claim that enhanced expression of elongation factor increased the lifespan of virgin male fruitflies...

During a survey of diseased plants on Wando Island, Korea from May to June 2020, severe leaf spot disease was observed in the upper leaves Japanese bay tree (Machilus thunbergii). Early symptoms were light blackish spots surface and enlargement older spots. Dry surrounded with deep black margins common throughout plants. Symptomatic samples collected, causal pathogen isolated potato dextrose ag...

The grapefruit (Citrus maxima L.) is a plant known by the public as fruit consumed with various properties. This plant's use well known, such antioxidants, enhancing immunity, anti-aging, and antibacterial study aimed to identify analyze chemical compounds contained in C. rind. extract was obtained maceration method using ethanol ethyl acetate solvents. fractionation process carried out Column ...

Hirschsprung disease (HD) has been described in association with microcephaly, mental retardation and characteristic facial features, delineating a syndrome possibly caused by mutations localized at chromosome 2q22--q23. We have analyzed a de novo translocation breakpoint at 2q22 in one patient presenting with this syndrome, and identified a gene, SIP1, which is disrupted by this chromosomal re...

Diaporthe (anamorph = Phomopsis) species are plant pathogens and endophytes on a wide range of hosts including economically important crops. At least four Diaporthe taxa occur on soybean and they are responsible for serious diseases and significant yield losses. Although several studies have extensively described the culture and morphological characters of these pathogens, their taxonomy has no...

We have cloned a Xenopus cDNA that is related to snail, a gene that is required for mesoderm formation in Drosophila. The cDNA encodes a protein that contains five zinc-fingers that closely resemble those of snail. In the non-canonical parts of the DNA-binding loop, there is almost 90% homology between snail and xsna. The corresponding mRNA (xsna) is expressed strongly at the start of zygotic t...

Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most important genetic models and techniques such as reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) are being employed extensively for deciphering the genetics basis of physiological functions. In RT-qPCR, the expression levels of target genes are estimated on the basis of endogenous controls. The purpose of these reference genes is to control f...

Members of Botryosphaeriales are commonly encountered as endophytes or pathogens of various plant hosts. The Botryosphaeriaceae represents the predominant family within this order, containing numerous species associated with canker and dieback disease on a wide range of woody hosts. During the course of routine surveys from various plant hosts in Thailand, numerous isolates of Botryosphaeriacea...

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) is currently the most sensitive technique used for absolute and relative quantification of a target gene transcript, requiring the use of appropriated reference genes for data normalization. To accurately estimate the relative expression of target tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genes responsive to several virus species in reverse transcription qPC...