Electrical-Discharge machining (EDM) stands for highly accurate and very sophisticated metal shaping. The physical process takes advantage of electric field effects between two electrodes, a tool and a workpiece. Material is removed by sequences of electrical discharges. The electrically efficient gap width, which is determined among other parameters by the electric conductivity of the gap and ...

It has been predicted that application of a strong electric field perpendicular to the plane of bilayer graphene can induce a significant band gap. We have measured the optical conductivity of bilayer graphene with an efficient electrolyte top gate for a photon energy range of 0.2-0.7 eV. We see the emergence of new transitions as a band gap opens. A band gap approaching 200 meV is observed whe...

Guglielmo Marconi probably made the first spread spectrum transmission without even realizing it. His primitive spark-gap transmitter used an RF bandwidth that was much wider than the information bandwidth. Little did he know that his experiment would spark a revolution in communications technology. Today, wireless communications plays an integral part in our daily lives. Cellular phones are qu...

The failure mechanism was determined to be tin whiskers emanating from the tin plating on the internal pins. The high conductivity, pure tin crystalline whiskers bridged the 10-mil spark gap to cause the test failures. The fusing current of the whiskers was in the range of the source current of the test equipment. This caused inconsistencies during problem identification and verification at the...

We present an experimental demonstration of a new class of hybrid gap plasmon waveguides on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. Created by the hybridization of the plasmonic mode of a gap in a thin metal sheet and the transverse-electric (TE) photonic mode of an SOI slab, this waveguide is designed for efficient adiabatic nanofocusing simply by varying the gap width. For gap widths greater...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to review the published literature investigating the accuracy of fit of fixed implant frameworks fabricated using different materials and methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive electronic search was performed through PubMed (MEDLINE) using Boolean operators to combine key words. The search was limited to articles written in English and published throu...

We investigate the resonant modes of split-ring resonator (SRR) metamaterials that contain high-permittivity BST block numerically and experimentally. We observe interesting mode-jumping phenomena from the BST-included SRR absorber structure as the excitation wave is incident perpendicularly to the SRR plane. Specifically, when the electric field is parallel to the SRR gap, the BST block in the...