Flow systems for precise and accurate coulometric determinations of ions that were developed on the basis of electrolytic ion transfer at the aqueous|organic solution (W|O) interface are reviewed. The electrolysis cell in the system is composed of a porous poly(tetrafluoroethylene) tube (1.0 mm inner diameter), a metal wire (0.8 mm diameter) inserted into the tube, O into which the tube is imme...

in this study, plasma electrolytic oxidation of 2024-t3 aluminum alloy was investigated. the electrolyte used in this investigation was an alkaline solution containing additives of silicate, phosphate, potassium hydroxide and glycerin. a conventional dc power source with a low applied voltage was employed. corrosion resistance of the oxide layer was investigated by means of tafel plots and elec...

Electrochemistry (EC) combined on-line with atomic mass spectrometry (MS) and related techniques (e.g., inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, ICP–AES) affords an avenue for analysis of metals present at ultratrace levels and the effective elimination of matrix effects detrimental to atomic MS and spectrometric techniques. In addition, electrode reactions involving inorganic s...

The electrochemical cell provides a potentially powerful means of altering morphology and islanding phenomena on metallic surfaces. Diffusion and attachment processes on terraces and near step and island edges are known to profoundly affect island sizes, shapes and coarsening kinetics. Using the surface-embedded-atom-model (SEAM) for describing metallic surfaces in the electrolytic environment,...

A very rapid electrolytic analysis termed 'electrolytic chromatography', using a column electrode with glassy carbon grains, has been developed. The column electrode has been used not only for coulometric detection, but also for separation of metals, elimination of interfering elements, unification of oxidation state, and concentration of an element. Some analytical applications of electrolytic...

Commercial elemental iron powders (electrolytic and reduced iron), as well as heme iron supplements, were tested for efficacy in improving the iron status of women. In a randomized, double-blind trial, 51 women with moderate to low iron stores received daily for 12 wk: 1) placebo, 2) 5 mg iron as heme iron or 50 mg iron as 3) electrolytic iron, 4) reduced iron, or 5) FeSO(4). Treatments were pr...