In the Standard Model, it is generally accepted that elementary particles get their masses via the Higgs mechanism, which involves a phase transition from the symmetric phase at higher temperatures (close to the Big Bang) to a phase in which the symmetry has been spontaneously broken. One of the outstanding problems in particle physics is to explain the origin of the observed matter-antimatter ...

The current status of the studies of the origin of the fundamental particles and the universe is presented. These studies indicate the unified field to be the source of both the fundamental particles and the universe itself. Furthermore, as a consequence of the unique properties of the quantum vacuum, the unified field is presumed to exist, in a quantum physical sense, everywhere in the very fa...

The dimensional reduction of Papapetrou equations is performed in a 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein background and Dixon-Souriau results for the motion of a charged spinning body are obtained. The splitting provides an electric dipole moment, and, for elementary particles, the induced parity and time-reversal violations are explained.

Complex networks are used to describe interactions in many real world systems, including economic, biological and social systems. An analysis was done of inter-student friendship, enmity and kinship relationships at three elementary schools by building social networks of these relationships and studying their properties. Friendship network measurements were similar between schools and produced ...

We study thermal corrections to the dispersion relations of massive fundamental particles immersed in weakly coupled non-Abelian plasmas. The cases covered include quarks in the QCD (quark-gluon) plasma, as well as N = 2 quarks and scalars in an N = 4 Super Yang-Mills plasma. We perform the calculations to leading order in a weak coupling expansion, and consider all mass scales of the fundament...

The É. Cartan’s equations defining “simple” spinors (renamed “pure” by C. Chevalley) are interpreted as equations of motions for fermion multiplets in momentum spaces which, in a constructive approach based bilinearly on those spinors, result compact and Lorentzian, naturally ending up with a ten-dimension space. The equations found are most of those traditionally adopted ad hoc by theoretical ...

We consider elementary particles in a quantum theory based on a Galois field. In this approach infinities cannot exist, the cosmological constant problem does not arise and one irreducible representation of the symmetry algebra necessarily describes a particle and its antiparticle simultaneously. In other words, the very existence of antiparticles is a strong indication that nature is described...

This short review examines recent progress in understanding dark matter, dark energy, and galactic halos using theory that departs minimally from standard particle physics and cosmology. Strict conformal symmetry (local Weyl scaling covariance), postulated for all elementary massless fields, retains standard fermion and gauge boson theory but modifies Einstein–Hilbert general relativity and the...

The first run of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN brought the discovery of the Higgs boson, an apparently elementary scalar particle with a mass of 125 GeV, the avatar of the mechanism that hides the electroweak symmetry. A new round of experimentation is beginning, with the energy of the proton–proton colliding beams raised to 6.5 TeV per beam, from 4 TeV at the end of the first run. This art...

We consider the one-dimensional half-filled Hubbard model. We show that the excitation spectrum is given by the scattering states of four elementary excitations, which form the fundamental representation of SU(2)×SU(2). We determine the exact two-particle Scattering matrix, which a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation and reflects the SO(4) symmetry of the model. The results for repulsive and a...