Stumptailed macaques, Macaca arctoides, are characterized by high levels of postconflict affiliative contacts between opponents. We investigated the occurrence of postconflict affiliative contacts between opponents and third parties that were not involved in the original conflict. We collected 10-min focal observations during postconflict and control periods in which we recorded all aggressive ...

Extensive-form games are a powerful framework for modeling sequential multiagent interactions. In extensive-form games with imperfect information, Nash equilibria are generally used as a solution concept, but computing a Nash equilibrium can be intractable in large games. Instead, a variety of techniques are used to find strategies that approximate Nash equilibria. Traditionally, an approximate...

Pupil dilation is implicated as a marker of decision-making as well as of cognitive and emotional processes. Here we tested whether individuals can exploit another's pupil to their advantage. We first recorded the eyes of 3 "opponents", while they were playing a modified version of the "rock-paper-scissors" childhood game. The recorded videos served as stimuli to a second set of participants. T...

Reconciliation, a post-conflict affiliative interaction between former opponents, is an important mechanism for reducing the costs of aggressive conflict in primates and some other mammals as it may repair the opponents' relationship and reduce post-conflict distress. Opponents who share a valuable relationship are expected to be more likely to reconcile as for such partners the benefits of rel...

We describe the winning strategy of the inaugural Lemonade Stand Game (LSG) Tournament. The LSG is a repeated symmetric 3–player constant–sum finite horizon game, in which a player chooses a location for their lemonade stand on an island with the aim of being as far as possible from its opponents. To receive a high utility in this game, our strategy, EA, attempts to find a suitable partner with...

In search of key-performance predictors in sailing, we examined to what degree visual search, movement behaviour and boat control contribute to skilled performance while rounding the windward mark. To this end, we analysed 62 windward mark roundings sailed without opponents and 40 windward mark roundings sailed with opponents while competing in small regattas. Across conditions, results reveale...

In many competitive sports, players need to quickly and continuously execute movements that co-adapt to various movements executed by their opponents and physical objects. In a martial art such as kendo, players must be able to skillfully change interpersonal distance in order to win. However, very little information about the task and expertise properties of the maneuvers affecting interperson...