Cytotoxic T (Tc) cells lyse target cells via exocytosis of granules containing perforin (perf) and granzymes (gzm). In vitro, gzm delivery into the target cell cytosol results in apoptosis, and in the absence of gzm A and B the induction of apoptosis is severely impaired. However, using in vivo Tc cell killing assays, we find that virus-immune, gzm A x B-deficient (gzmAxB(-/-)) mice are compete...

The Gröbner walk method converts a Gröbner basis by partitioning the computation of the basis into several smaller computations following a path in the Gröbner fan of the ideal generated by the system of equations. The method works with ideals of zerodimension as well as positive dimension. Typically, the target point of the walking path lies on the intersection of very many cones, which ends u...

Abstract CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 demonstrated strong activity against advanced B leukemia, however shows less efficacy lymphoma with nodal dissemination. To target both Non-Hodgkin’s (B-NHLs) and follicular T helper (Tfh) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), we apply here a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that recognizes human CXCR5 high avidity. CXCR5, physiologically expressed...

Homing endonucleases are highly specific DNA endonucleases, encoded within mobile introns or inteins, that induce targeted recombination, double-strand repair and gene conversion of their cognate target sites. Due to their biological function and high level of target specificity, these enzymes are under intense investigation as tools for gene targeting. These studies require that naturally occu...

When an informant describes trait-implicative behavior of a target, the informant is often associated with the trait implied by the behavior and can be assigned heightened ratings on that trait (STT effects). Presentation of a target photo along with the description seemingly eliminates these effects. Using three different measures of visual attention, the results of two studies show the elimin...

Cut-elimination is one of the most important techniques in proof theory. Roughly speaking, eliminating cuts from a proof generates a new proof without lemmas, which essentially consists of the syntactic material of the proven theorem. Traditionally cutelimination served the purpose to show consistency of calculi and thus played a central role in metamathematics. In this traditional context the ...

Newton, in an unauthorized textbook, described a process for solving simultaneous equations that later authors applied specifically to linear equations. This method — that Newton did not want to publish, that Euler did not recommend, that Legendre called “ordinary,” and that Gauss called “common” — is now named after Gauss: “Gaussian” elimination. (One suspects, he would not be amused.) Gauss’s...

it has been estimated that nearly half of the world’s population is at the risk of contracting malaria with sub saharan africa being the most risky area. the existing frontline malaria control interventions are not only expensive but also become ineffective owing to the emergence of insecticide and drug resistance. it calls for an innovative approach in terms of potential and reliable vaccine a...

Propene dissociation channels were characterized by ab initio CCSD(T)/6-311++g(d,p) calculations. Inthis work the detailed mechanism of propene dissociation to C2H4+CH2, C2H2+H+CH3, C2H2+CH4 andC3H3+H2+H have been investigated. According to our calculations, ten fragments can be classified intofive dissociated channels. Our results point out that two mechanisms come into play in the H2 eliminat...