Semen cryopreservation and sperm freezing has a long history of over 65 years. However, embryo freezing and oocyte cryopreservation in human infertility has a shorter history up to 40 years. Embryo and oocyte freezing had a tremendous progress and development in past four decades so it improved from slow freezing procedure with less than 10% survival rate at beginning to vitrification procedure...

this study aimed to evaluate freeze-dried sera as an alternative to non-freeze dried for detection of anti-leishmania infantum antibodies over the course of 11 months using the direct agglutination test (dat).altogether, 60 serum samples (30 from humans and 30 from dogs) were collected from various geographical locations in iran. all the collected sera were pooled and each pooled serum sample c...

background: recent advances in cancer treatment have resulted in an increased number of cancer survivors. fertility might be impaired by cancer itself or through gonadal damage as a consequence of radio-chemotherapy. damages to reproductive organs are seen in minimally upto 30% of cancer patients. the aim of the present study was evaluate the attitude of iranian oncologists toward fertility pre...

in spite of the technologies developed during the last decade, the level of food loss is still high and is reported in many countries. according to the united nations, more than 30 per cent of the mortality rate world-wide is caused by alimentary diseases. the desire of most countries to make food safer for consumption requires better food preservation and production techniques. in this regard,...

assessment of embryo quality in order to choose the embryos that most likely result in pregnancy is the critical goal in assisted reproductive technologies (art). the current trend in human in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (ivf/et) protocols is to decrease the rate of multiple pregnancies after multiple embryo transfer with maintaining the pregnancy rate at admissible levels (according to...