background and aims: trends in deaths and medical admissions in the uk and europe show evidence for a series of infectious-like events. these events have been overlooked by traditional surveillance methodologies. preliminary evidence points to a rise in medical admissions in australia around the same time as those observed in europe, and this study was aimed to evaluate whether the deaths are o...

the objective of this work is to elucidate various essential drugs in the brazil, russia, india, china and south africa (brics) countries. it discusses the opportunities and challenges of the existing biotech infrastructure and the production of drugs and vaccines in member states of the brics. this research is based on a systematic literature review between the years 2000 and 2014 of documents...

context crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a fatal viral disease which has 30% to 80% mortality rate. in endemic areas, livestock handlers, skin processors, veterinary staff, livestock market employees, farmers, and health care staff are at risk. diagnosis is made based on clinical manifestations, epidemiologic factors, and laboratory tests. here, we reviewed the epidemiology, clinical m...

Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases present tremendous challenges to the world’s medical and public health enterprise, highlighted by the recent Ebola epidemic in Africa, the recognition of serious birth defects due to Zika virus infections in the Western Hemisphere, and the fact that 3.2 billion people (nearly half the world’s population) continue to live in areas at risk of malaria t...

In this study, the epiphytic algae of Lemna minor collected from its natural habitat or grown in aquarium were analyzed for a period of six months from April 2016 to September 2016. While a total of 15 taxa, 1 belonging to Cyanophyta and 14 belonging to Bacillariophyta, were recorded for L. minor grown in aquarium, a total of 36 taxa, 3 belonging to Cyanophyta, 5 belonging to Chlorophyta, 1 bel...

New technologies are emerging that may offer potential remedies to persistent global problems of lack of access to safe drinking water, insufficient or non-existent healthcare, and inadequate energy sources. The challenge in applying nanotechnology, biotechnology, and other emerging technologies to human needs is moving beyond the traditional technology-transfer model, where expertise and resou...

Outbreaks of buffalopox or pox-like infections affecting buffaloes, cows and humans have been recorded in many parts of the world. Since the first outbreak in India, a large number of epidemics have occurred. Unlike in the previous years, generalized forms of the disease are now rare; however, there are severe local forms of the disease affecting the udder and teats, leading to mastitis thereby...