Actinomycosis is rarely accompanied by fungus balls. It difficult to distinguish between actinomycosis and a ball due their similar clinical computed tomography scan results. Thus, meticulous histopathological examination required for definite diagnosis. We report case of ball, found incidentally in patient without rhinologic symptoms. The was successfully treated with endoscopic sinus surgery,...

Laryngeal cancers form a major bulk of head and neck malignancies. If diagnosed early, the aggressive management can offer good cure rates and prognosis. Endoscopic excision is a viable alternative to radiation therapy along with its predictable consequences and complications. The author describes the usage of classical phonosurgery techniques in endoscopic extirpation of early laryngeal cancers.

Management of small tumours involving the true vocal folds can be contentious. Tumour control is achieved in over 95% of patients presenting with T1 glottic cancer employing external beam radiation therapy, vertical hemilaryngectomy, or transoral endoscopic resection. Given adequate resources, the weight of evidence favours endoscopic transoral resection as the most cost-effective approach with...

INTRODUCTION In every case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding suspicion, an endoscopic examination ought to be performed as a matter of urgency. Finding active bleeding, a visible non-bleeding vessel or a lesion with an adherent clot should be followed by application of an available method of endoscopic therapy. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of various endoscopic treatme...

which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editorial The aim of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is to shunt blood from the hypertensive portal vein to the hepatic vein, thereby nonsurgically decompressing the portal pressure. This procedure is generally used to treat complicati...

BACKGROUND Mucosal healing (MH) is a vital early endpoint in management of Crohn's disease (CD). MH depends on endoscopic assessment and there is increasing interest in non-invasive proxies, Pediatric Crohn's Disease activity Index (PDCAI), C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin (FC). These proxies must be validated against endoscopic disease activity (SES-CD) at diagnosis and after in...

BACKGROUND Verrucous carcinomas (VC) of the oesophagus are a rarity. Due to their histological resemblance to squamous cell carcinoma, the diagnostic and treatment standards applicable to the latter have so far also been applied to VC as a disease entity. Quite limited data are available including two case series of 5 or 11 patients. The present study reports on a single case treated by local e...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Few studies have compared the efficacy and complications of endoscopic or medical therapies for bleeding angiodysplasias or gastric antral vascular ectasias (GAVE). We conducted a systematic review to evaluate therapies. METHODS We performed a PubMed search for studies (written in English from January 1, 1980, through January 1, 2013) of medical or endoscopic treatment of bl...