Endotracheal intubation is an intervention frequently performed in the hospital setting order to protect central airway and provide mechanical support for ventilation. The complications of endotracheal tube include tracheitis, tracheal stenosis, tracheomalacia, granuloma formation. Tracheal crusting following tracheitis a very rare but fatal complication especially children. should be kept mind...

BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist with sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic properties. This study was designed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of preoperative administration of 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine on hemodynamic responses caused by endotracheal intubation in elderly patients undergoing treatment for hypertension. METHODS Forty elderly (≥ 65 years old) patien...

RAPID and accurate diagnosis of the misplacement of an endotracheal tube in the esophagus remains one of the most important problems in anesthesia and intensive care. Clinical signs observed through auscultation, inspection of thoracic excursions, refilling of the breathing bag, or water vapor condensing at the endotracheal tube may be misleading in as many as 30% of patients. ' Although end-ti...

Background The term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) refers to the application of artificial ventilation without any conduit access to the airways i.e., without an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube. Recently, NIV has assumed a prominent role in the management of acute respiratory failure. By avoiding endotracheal intubation, NIV prevents complications associated with invasive ventilation like air...

A tracheal intubation-related tracheobronchial rupture is a relatively rare complication. We report a case of tracheobronchial rupture after single lumen endotracheal intubation. Twenty four hours after extubation of an endotracheal tube, subcutaneous emphysema developed on the patient's neck. A pneumomediastinum was also detected by computerized tomography (CT). The patient recovered uneventfu...

Background: This study investigated the feasibility of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) performed under two-lung ventilation (TLV) and single-lumen endotracheal tube (SLET) intubation in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax.

Intr The hemodynamic effects of laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are well known. A variety of drugs, like fentanyl, esmolol and lately dexmetomidine, have been used in order to attenuate the stress response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Esmolol is an ultrashort acting beta 1 selective adrenergic antagonist, while dexmetomidine is an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Fe...

Endotracheal suctioning is performed regularly in mechanically-ventilated infants and children in the paediatric intensive care unit, by both physiotherapists and nursing staff. The primary purpose of endotracheal suctioning is to remove secretions and prevent airway obstruction, thereby aiming to prevent atelectasis whilst optimising oxygenation and ventilation and decreasing the work of breat...

Endotracheal intubation is one of the commonest interventions performed by an anaesthesiologist. The pressor response to endotracheal intubation is of special concern, especially in the presence of comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, obesity and ischemic heart disease (IHD). 1 It probably involves intense sympathetic discharge caused by stimulation of epipharynx and laryngopharynx. This ...

Various complications have been reported with nasal endotracheal intubation including bleeding, epistaxis, bacteremia, damage to intranasal structures, and even intracranial penetration. We present two cases that required general anesthesia for dental surgery. Submucosal dissection of the retropharyngeal tissues occurred during attempted nasal endotracheal intubation. Previous reports of this c...