fasting induces short-term physiological adaptations which spare the body's remaining carbohydrate stores and mobilize lipid stores to provide a substitute fuel for many tissues and organs, especially skeletal muscle. rodent studies show that regular occurrence of fasting then refeeding, stimulates adaptations in muscle which make the animal better placed to withstand a further period of fastin...

background:   athletes present a different category of the population. trivial complaints may mask more serious illness, especially when the athlete is undergoing intensive training, and the function of his immune system may be sub-optimal . case presentation:   a triathlete presented a few days after completing an ironman race, complaining of lethargy, pleuritic chest pain and loss of appetite...

purpose the aims of the present study were to investigate (i) the changes in participation and performance and (ii) the gender difference in triple iron ultra-triathlon (11.4 km swimming, 540 km cycling and 126.6 km running) across years from 1988 to 2011. methods for the cross-sectional data analysis, the association between with overall race times and split times was investigated using simple...

Introduction: Grip and pinch strength assess the function of hand and is considered as a sign of general health. Considering the high prevalence of related-work musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) due to the incongruity of work with the workers and preventability of diseases that are caused by such incongruity, we decided to study the relationship between maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max) and w...

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (pnf) training (contraction - relaxation method), in compared to the other methods of static and dynamic stretching exercises; has higher and safer effects on enhancement of hamstring muscle's flexibility, strength and endurance. achieving the optimal combination of contraction and stretching phases in pnf training that can increase these factors of phy...

abstract study design: a cross-sectional non-experimental study. objectives: to collectively detect the reliability and feasibility of the five types of clinical tests that have been used to measure endurance of the trunk muscles in subjects with and without low back pain (lbp) and identify the sensitivity of each test to predict the probability of the occurrence oflbp. background: testing spin...

Th is study evaluated changes in shoulder muscle isometric endurance, deltoideus and trapezius muscle electromyographic activity (EMG) and stiff ness in patients with frozen shoulder syndrome (FSS) before and aft er manipulation under general anaesthesia (MUA). Eighteen FSS patients with mean age of 53±9 years participated. Isometric endurance of shoulder muscles was characterized by endurance ...

OBJECTIVE Respiratory muscle endurance of able-bodied persons, assessed by normocapnic hyperpnoea at 70% of their maximal voluntary ventilation, usually ranges from 10 to 20 minutes. The aim of this study was to determine the level of ventilation that patients with paraplegia and tetraplegia can sustain for 10-20 minutes to later be used as the guideline for respiratory muscle endurance trainin...

Maaike M Eken ow er lim b m uscle enrance nd m uscle stngth in chldren nd adoscents w ith cebral palsy Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy often have problems in performing activities of daily life, like walking. This might be due to a loss of muscle function, which is commonly assessed as the strength from a single maximal contraction. However, most activities of daily life involve a ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE For athletes, the main purpose of nutrition is to ensure the compensation of increased energy consumption and the need for nutrients in the athlete's body, thereby enabling maximum adaptation to physical loads. The aim of this study was to determine the habits of highly trained endurance athletes depending on sports type, sex and age in order to improve the planning and...