To expand the narrow response bandwidth of linear point wave energy absorbers (PWAs), a few research studies have recently proposed incorporating bi-stable restoring force in design absorber. Such relied on numerical simulations to demonstrate improved absorbers. In this work, we aim understand how shape influences effective end, use perturbation methods obtain an approximate analytical solutio...

Strong foreground absorption features from singly ionized magnesium (Mg II) are commonly observed in the spectra of quasars and are presumed to probe a wide range of galactic environments. To date, measurements of the average dark matter (DM) halo masses of intervening Mg II absorbers by way of large-scale cross-correlations with luminous galaxies have been limited to z < 0.7. In this work, we ...

Recent ultraviolet and X-ray observations of intergalactic OVI and OVII absorption systems along lines of sight to bright quasars have opened a new window onto the “warm-hot intergalactic medium” (WHIM). These systems appear to provide a significant reservoir for baryons in the local universe, and comparison to cosmological simulations suggests that their abundance roughly matches theoretical p...

We present evidence that the outflowing UV absorbers in Seyfert 1 galaxies arise primarily in their inner narrow (emission) line regions (NLRs), based on similarities in their locations, kinematics, and physical conditions. 1) Hubble Space Telescope observations show that nearly all Seyfert galaxies have bright, central knots of [O III] emission in their NLRs with radii of tens of parsecs. Thes...

We present a study of the Lyα forest at z . 0.4 from which we conclude that at least 20% of the total baryons in the universe are located in the highly-ionized gas traced by broad Lyα absorbers. The cool photoionized low-z intergalactic medium (IGM) probed by narrow Lyα absorbers contains about 30% of the baryons. We further find that the ratio of broad to narrow Lyα absorbers is higher at z . ...

We present evidence that the outflowing UV absorbers in Seyfert 1 galaxies arise primarily in their inner narrow (emission) line regions (NLRs), based on similarities in their locations, kinematics, and physical conditions. 1) Hubble Space Telescope observations show that nearly all Seyfert galaxies have bright, central knots of [O III] emission in their NLRs with radii of tens of parsecs. Thes...

The LHC will operate at 7 TeV with a luminosity of 10 cms. This requires two beams, each with 2808 bunches. The nominal intensity per bunch is 1.1 × 10 protons and the transverse particle intensity profile is Gaussian with a standard deviation, σ = 0.2 mm. The bunch length is 0.5 ns and two neighboring bunches are separated by 25 ns. The energy stored in each beam of 362 MJ. In previous papers ...

We propose a novel multispectral reconstruction-classification method for simultaneously recovering absorption and scattering coefficients from images of absorbed optical energy. In contrast with pre-existing chromophore reconstruction methods, this approach does not require prior knowledge of the characteristic spectra of the absorbers, which is not always available. Numerical experiments perf...