Ferric citrate hydrate was recently approved in Japan as an oral phosphate binder to be taken with food for the control of hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The daily therapeutic dose is about 3 to 6 g, which comprises about 2 to 4 g of citrate. Oral citrate solubilizes aluminum that is present in food and drinking water, and opens the tight junctions in the intes...

This review discusses recent literature on the chemical and physiological factors that influence the absorption, distribution, and excretion of aluminum in mammals, with particular regard to gastrointestinal absorption and speciation in plasma. Humans encounter aluminum, a ubiquitous yet highly insoluble element in most forms, in foods, drinking water, and pharmaceuticals. Exposure also occurs ...

Mechanics of CNT-reinforced nano-cellular PMMA nanocomposites are investigated using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Firstly, static uniaxial stretching of bulk PMMA polymer is simulated and the results are compared with literature. Then, nano-cellular foams with different relative densities are constructed and subjected to static uniaxial stretching and obtained stress-strain cu...

In this paper, the free vibration analyses of aluminum-foam sandwich structures were completed numerically. Foam and aluminum (Al) used for core surface layers structure, respectively. addition, an adhesive was as a thin film. Natural frequencies mode shapes structure obtained different thickness materials. For this, three structures, with same thickness, modeled SS1, SS2 SS3. Analyses performe...

Abstract Auxetic (negative Poisson’s ratio) and gradient open cell foams have shown promise for their conformability high impact energy absorption—useful in applications like protective equipment, footwear prosthetics. Recent methods fabricated auxetic closed foam by steaming conventional foam. Methods developed herein control the structure of foam, to produce novel intentionally anisotropic Pi...

Study of porous materials, in particular closed-cell foams, has always attracted researchers’ interest due to the advantages these materials offer applications where low weight, buoyancy, insulation, or energy absorption is importance. In this study, quasi-static compressive experimental tests are conducted for low-, medium-, and high-density aluminum foams their mechanical properties obtained....

The objective of this work is to study the large deflection of geometrically asymmetric metal foam core sandwich beam under transverse loading by a fiat punch. A yield criterion is proposed for geometrically asymmetric metal foam core sandwich structures, and then analytical solution for the large deflection of a fully clamped slender sandwich beam is obtained, in which the interaction of bendi...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to investigate the physicochemical and structural properties of Medifoam®Silver and to compare with other commercially available silver-containing polyurethane (PU) foam dressing in vitro. METHODS Surface and cross-section of four polyurethane foam dressings were assessed with field-emission scanning electron microscope. Thickness, density, tensile strength...

sandwich panel with central core honeycomb aluminum as one of the main shielding structures because of their high strength-to-weight ratio and improved energy absorption capacity, has been attracted the attention of many researchers and practitioners in recent years. this paper initiates and presents a new type of central core honeycomb formed by hydroforming process. the study is augmented by ...

Title of Dissertation: SMART FOAM FOR ACTIVE VIBRATION AND NOISE CONTROL Wael Nabil Akl, Doctor of Philosophy, 2004 Dissertation Directed By: Professor Amr M. Baz Department Mechanical Engineering A new class of smart foams is introduced to simultaneously control the vibration and noise radiation from flexible plates coupled with acoustic cavities. The proposed smart foam consists of a passive ...