The production of a macrophage migration enhancement factor (MEF) has been achieved as a consequence of administering a desensitizing dose of purified protein derivative (PPD) to Mycobacterium bovis BCG-sensitized rabbits. The migration-enhancing effect was first demonstrated when alveolar macrophages (AM) harvested from desensitized rabbits exhibited marked migration stimulation; whereas maxim...

In previous work it was shown that mutation of site 1 in the downstream enhancer sequence (DE) led to ablation of enhancement. Mutation of the Wilms tumour factor element (Wt), situated in the Amh promoter between the tata box and the start of translation (TSS), also led to ablation of enhancement. This suggested that these sites may be the anchor points for a specific duplex factor bridging re...

Vibrational overtone spectroscopy of molecules is a powerful tool for drawing information on molecular structure and dynamics. It relies on absorption of near infrared radiation (NIR) by molecular vibrations. Here we show the experimental evidence of giant enhancement of the absorption of light in solutions of organic molecules due to the switch from ballistic to diffusive propagation of light ...

Background: To enhance the dose to tumor, the use of high atomic number elements has been proposed.Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticle distribution on dose enhancement in tumor when the tumor is irradiated by typical monoenergetic X-ray beams by considering homogeneous and inhomogeneous distributions of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in the tumor.Method...

The main aim of this paper is to propose a technique for enhancing contrast of the dark images using Undecimated Balanced GHM multi wavelet transform (UMWT) and Dynamic Stochastic Resonance (DSR). The DSR based approach utilizes the inherent noise of an image for enhancement. Darkness due to inadequate illumination is treated as noise, and is used to yield a noise induced adjustment of the imag...

Excess of probabilities of elastic processes over inelastic ones is a characteristic feature of the chaotic resonance scattering predicted by the random matrix theory (RMT). Quantitatively, this phenomenon is characterized by the elastic enhancement factor F((β)) that is, essentially, a typical ratio of elastic and inelastic cross sections. Being measured experimentally, this quantity can provi...

The main aim of this paper is to propose a technique for enhancing contrast of the dark images using Undecimated Balanced GHM multi wavelet transform (UMWT) and Dynamic Stochastic Resonance (DSR). The DSR based approach utilizes the inherent noise of an image for enhancement. Darkness due to inadequate illumination is treated as noise, and is used to yield a noise induced adjustment of the imag...

Control of structure at the atomic level can precisely and effectively tune catalytic properties of materials, enabling enhancement in both activity and durability. We synthesized a highly active and durable class of electrocatalysts by exploiting the structural evolution of platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) bimetallic nanocrystals. The starting material, crystalline PtNi3 polyhedra, transforms in soluti...

Excess of probabilities of the elastic processes over the inelastic ones is a common feature of the resonance phenomena described in the framework of the random matrix theory. This effect is quantitatively characterized by the elastic enhancement factor F (β) that is the typical ratio of elastic and inelastic cross-sections. Being measured experimentally, this quantity can supply us with inform...

The main aim of this paper is to propose a technique for enhancing contrast of the dark images using Undecimated Balanced GHM multi wavelet transform (UMWT) and Dynamic Stochastic Resonance (DSR). The DSR based approach utilizes the inherent noise of an image for enhancement. Darkness due to inadequate illumination is treated as noise, and is used to yield a noise induced adjustment of the imag...