It is a challenging task to automatically segment glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) brain tumors on T1w post-contrast isotropic MR images. A semi-automated system using fuzzy connectedness has recently been developed for computing the tumor volume that reduces the cost of manual annotation. In this study, we propose a an ensemble method that combines multiple segmentation results into a final ensem...

The core tenet of Bayesian modeling is that subjects represent beliefs as distributions over possible hypotheses. Such models have fruitfully been applied to the study of learning in the context of animal conditioning experiments (and analogously designed human learning tasks), where they explain phenomena such as retrospective revaluation that seem to demonstrate that subjects entertain multip...

Here we investigate the origin of the width of the Pt–benzene–Pt transport distributions by considering transport ensembles generated (a) by using a fixed-bonding configuration but varying the Pt surfaces only, or (b) with a fixed Pt surface but varying the bonding configurations only. In the first ensemble, each lead was assigned the average bonding configuration, found by averaging Γα over th...

A simple linear averaging of the outputs of several networks as e.g. in bagging 3], seems to follow naturally from a bias/variance decomposition of the sum-squared error. The sum-squared error of the average model is a quadratic function of the weighting factors assigned to the networks in the ensemble 7], suggesting a quadratic programmingalgorithm for nding the \optimal"weighting factors. If ...

This paper presents a method for the estimation of Evoked Potentials (EP) using an aposreriori time varying filter based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The proposed filter uses Alternate Subensemble Averaging (ASA) to arrive at the signal and noise scalogram estimates. This filter, when applied on the Ensemble Average @A), leads to an improvement in the S m When applied on the individual ...

To overcome the ensemble-averaging barrier, single-molecule experiments have been performed, but energy landscapes comprising multiple intermediates have not yet been defined. We performed mechanical unfolding of staphylococcal nuclease using intermolecular force microscopy, modified AFM with high resolution and feedback control of the positioning. The force dropped vertically just after its pe...

Fig. 5. Comparison of the SRM-based algorithms for the " Bad " channel, SNR = 10 dB. SG: Standard stochastic gradient algorithm. Norm: Normalized stochastic gradient algorithm. SRM: Off-line SRM algorithm of [3], where S k is obtained at time k by averaging all of the data through time k to estimate ensemble averages. Conj Grad: Conjugate gradient algorithm. The results are averaged over 200 sa...