We used data from moorings deployed in central California to examine the physical variables wind, PAR (photosynthetically available radiation) and temperature and the biological variable fluorescence during coastal upwelling. Variations of the multivariate techniques of principal components analysis and canonical correlation were used to extract the major modes of variability of these variables...

Environmental conditions such as housing and husbandry have a major impact on the laboratory animal throughout its life and will thereby influence the outcome of animal experiments. However, housing systems for laboratory animals have often been designed on the basis of economic and ergonomic aspects. One possible way to improve the living conditions of laboratory animals is to provide opportun...

Robots such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) have been used for sensing and monitoring aquatic environments such as oceans and lakes. Environmental sampling is a challenging task because the environmental attributes to be observed can vary both spatially and temporally, and the target environment is usually a large and continuous domain whereas the...

BACKGROUND As public awareness of consequences of environmental exposures has grown, estimating the adverse health effects due to simultaneous exposure to multiple pollutants is an important topic to explore. The challenges of evaluating the health impacts of environmental factors in a multipollutant model include, but are not limited to: identification of the most critical components of the po...

aim of the present research was to design a proper model for management of knowledge in environmental organizations of country. in study of the model, suitability of the proposed model was researched by asking views of directors, deputies, managers of groups and scientific board members of environmental organizations of country. for this purpose, with review of research literature, insight pro...

Methods of solving the identified environmental problems, considering mathematical rigorous alternative assessment of environmental component process using fuzzy logic and approximate reasoning, are described by various researchers. To illustrate how such a computational intelligence approach would work in performing an assessment, various artificial techniques have been described. Fuzzy system...

introduction by the rise of new industrial and technological age, modern industries and services developed mainly in large cities and these cities absorbed massive flows of migrants from towns and villages. this trend caused population growth more thanthe existingservice capacities and,thus, the environmental qualitiesof the cities were gradually undermined. continuing this situation for some d...

I analyze the impact of a firm’s environmental profile on its cost of equity and debt capital. Using implied cost of capital derived from analysts’ earnings estimates, I find that investors demand significantly higher expected returns on stocks excluded by environmental screens (such as hazardous chemical, substantial emissions and climate change concerns) compared to firms without such environ...

The performance of a software component heavily depends on the environment of the component. As a software component only justifies its investment when deployed in several environments, one can not specify the performance of a component as a constant (e.g., as a single value or distribution of values in its interface). Hence, classical component contracts allowing to state the component’s perfo...