Voluntary environmental programs (VEPs) are institutions for inducing firms to produce environmental goods beyond legal requirements. A comparative perspective on VEPs shows how incentives to sponsor and participate in VEPs vary across countries in ways that reveal their potential and limitations. Our brief survey examines conditions under which VEPs emerge, attract participants, and improve pa...

Manure in an inevitable byproduct of the production of meat and milk destined for human consumption. Excessive excretion of manure and manure nutrients represent inefficiencies which increase feed costs, increase the environmental impact of dairy farming, and increase the costs associated with moving and storing manure. Profitability can be enhanced when good feeding and management practices ar...

Agriculture dominates the planet. Yet it has many environmental costs that are unsustainable, especially as global food demand rises. Here, we evaluate ways in which different parts of the world are succeeding in their attempts to resolve conflict between agriculture and wild nature. We envision that coordinated global action in conserving land most sensitive to agricultural activities and poli...

Costs associated with reproduction are widely known to play a role in the evolution of reproductive tactics with consequences to population and eco-evolutionary dynamics. Evaluating these costs as they pertain to species in the wild remains an important goal of evolutionary ecology. Individual heterogeneity, including differences in individual quality (i.e., among-individual differences in trai...

The Article counters the presumption that increased environmental regulation necessarily decreases economic prosperity. It analyzes the European chemical regulatory structure and deduces that any costs imposed on the consumer are minimal, and more cost effective than watered-down American regulations covering the same subject matter with approximately the same cost imposed on the consumer-taxpa...

We study the impact of timing and commitment on adaptation and mitigation policies in the context of international environmental problems. Adaptation policies present the characteristics of a private good and may require a prior investment, while mitigation policies produce a public good. By developing a stylized model, where some countries coordinate their actions while others do not, we evalu...

Theory suggests that when transaction costs are low, corporations and stakeholders can minimize social costs by transacting to their mutual advantage, but when transaction costs are high, reducing social costs requires the intervention of a centralized institution. In surprisingly little work have scholars considered what happens in between—when transaction costs exist but recourse to hierarchi...

Citation: Börger T, Broszeit S, Ahtiainen H, Atkins JP, Burdon D, Luisetti T, Murillas A, Oinonen S, Paltriguera L, Roberts L, Uyarra MC and Austen MC (2016) Assessing Costs and Benefits of Measures to Achieve Good Environmental Status in European Regional Seas: Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons Learnt. Front. Mar. Sci. 3:192. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00192 Assessing Costs and Benefits of M...

Presents selected information sources within the following categories: (1) activity-based costing; (2) bibliographies, curricula, and definition of terms; (3) corporate environmental accounting; (4) federal government, military and logistics applications; (5) financial and economic analysis of pollution prevention projects; (6) national environmental accounting; (7) pollution prevention; and (8...