The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is designed to operate in two phases; physics and technology. The prime function of the shield is to protect the TF magnets. The predominant radiation limits are the nuclear heat load to the magnet and the end-of-life dose to the electrical insulator. These limits are specified by the magnet designers as 65 kW and 5×109 rads. Detailed ...

With the development of urban metro systems, shield tunnels that pass through existing bridge pile foundations have become an inevitable engineering problem. Therefore, ensuring stability strata and piles during tunnel construction is a common goal in practice. Currently, research on mechanical responses under different conditions upper-soft lower-hard composite tunneling has not been conducted...

The 'impassable' Eastern Pacific Barrier (EPB), ca 5000 km of deep water separating the eastern from the central Pacific, is the World's widest marine biogeographic barrier. Sequencing of mitochondrial DNA in 20 reef fish morphospecies encountered on both sides of the barrier revealed cryptic speciation in two. Among the other 18 species only two showed significant differentiation (as revealed ...

Using 1024 nights of data from 2002–2005 taken by the Cornell Narrow Field Imager (CNFI), we examine equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) zonal drift velocity characteristics. CNFI is located at the Maui Space Surveillance Site on the Haleakala Volcano (geographic: 20.71 N, 203.83 E; geomagnetic: 21.03 N, 271.84 E) on the island of Maui, Hawaii. The imager is set up to view in a magnetic fieldaligned...

Tunnel construction is a complex technology, with huge number of effective parameters, which cannot be accurately analyzed/designed using empirical or theoretical methods. With the rapid development computer technologies, Soft Computing (SC) approaches have been widely used in tunnel construction. Typically, two common tunneling methods, blasting and mechanical excavation ( e.g ., boring machin...

Real-time shield tail clearance measurement and monitoring is a key task during tunneling construction. The technology development still in its infancy, the current methods are mainly designed manually based on intuition. In order to fill gap between requirement of limitations methods, this paper systematically studies existing mechanisms related monitoring, develops high-precision intelligent ...

Airglow imaging at mid-latitude stations often show intensity modulations associated with medium scale travelling ionospheric disturbances (MSTID), while those carried out near the equatorial regions reveal depletions caused by equatorial plasma bubbles (EPB). Two all sky cameras are used to observe plasma depletions in the 630.0 nm emission over the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) region, ...

The impact of shield construction on the close lateral passing high-speed railways can threaten safety operating railways. To study deformation characteristics structure after application isolation piles from ground surface and bridge piers an overpassing railway, we analyze mechanism pile restraint control establish a three-dimensional numerical model to situation railway with metro interval u...