Short-term reproductive health consequences for women include PID and complications during pregnancy. Up to 40 percent of women with untreated chlamydia will develop PID and, in some cases, may need to be hospitalized. In addition, pregnant women can infect their babies during the birthing process. This can result in eye infections and pneumonia, causing stress and expense for families. Symptom...

Individuals involved in sports are at risk for sustaining various injuries. In addition to musculoskeletal complaints, male athletes are at risk of incurring testicular injuries. These issues can range from an acute emergency such as testicular torsion to indolent testicular tumors. In contrast, epididymitis can present in stages. Presentation and management of testicular complaints can vary de...

Paratesticular mesotheliomas are very rare tumors. In this paper, we present the management of a 38-year-old male patient with paratesticular malignant mesothelioma who was initially misdiagnosed and treated as recurrent epididymitis. After the final pathology report defining paratesticular mesothelioma during scrotal exploration, he underwent radical orchiectomy and hemiscrotal excision as a c...

Seminiferous tubular ectasia at the level of the mediastinum testis is a recently recognized rare benign condition. It is often bilateral, and usually occurs in elderly men. It is commonly associated with epididymal abnormalities (e.g. spermatocele, epididymal cysts or epididymitis), and it shares a common location (within the mediastinum testis) with cystic dysplasia of the testis and testicul...

Testicular torsion, or rotation of the testes with twisting of the spermatic cord, is a common surgical emergency. Incidence follows a bimodal peak, highest around puberty, with a smaller peak in infancy. Differential diagnoses include scrotal edema, epididymitis, hernia, tumor, varicocele, hydrocele and trauma. This condition warrants strong clinical suspicion, early diagnosis and expeditious ...

OBJECTIVE To recommend further research on vasectomy based on a systematic review of the effectiveness and safety of vasectomy. DESIGN A systematic MEDLINE review of the literature on the safety and effectiveness of vasectomy between 1964 and 1998. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Early failure rates are <1%; however, effectiveness and complications vary with experience of surgeons and surgical tech...