The zinc metalloprotease EmpA is a virulence factor for the fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum. Previous studies demonstrated that EmpA is secreted as a 46-kDa proenzyme that is activated extracellularly by the removal of an approximately 10-kDa propeptide. We hypothesized that a specific protease is responsible for processing secreted pro-EmpA into mature EmpA. To identify the protease responsib...

The stipulative nature of the (generalized) EPP – the requirement that certain functional heads have filled specifiers – has led to numerous attempts to subsume its effects within other properties of natural language (e.g. Fukui & Speas 1986; Bošković 1997, 2002, 2007; Martin 1999; Grohmann et al. 2000; Epstein & Seely 2006; Landau 2007; Bjorkman & Zeijlstra 2014; Richards 2014; McFadden & Sund...

Late-onset erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare complication of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) but has not been described in association with a myeloproliferative disorder (MPD). EPP is normally an inherited disorder characterized by photosensitivity that starts in early childhood and results from overproduction of protoporphyrin secondary to ferrochelatase (FECH) deficiency. Severe li...

In this article, we develop a revised short form of the original Eysenck Personality Profiler (EPP; H. J. Eysenck & Wilson, 1991). In addition, we address topics of broad theoretical importance such as the recurrent empirical finding of correlations between conceptually orthogonal personality dimensions and the possibility that gender differences in these dimensions are partly spurious. In Stud...

Bovine skin fibroblasts accumulated protoporphyrin IX when incubated in culture with the porphyrin-heme precursor, delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Fibroblasts from cattle homozygous for erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) and with the clinical symptoms of the disease accumulated approximately sixfold greater amounts of protoporphyrin IX than cells from normal control animals. Cells from obliga...

Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) during the 2003–2004 Arctic winter led to the production and subsequent transport of reactive odd nitrogen (NOx =NO+NO2) from the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) into the stratosphere. This caused NOx enhancements in the polar upper stratosphere in April 2004 that were unprecedented in the satellite record. Simulations of the 2003–2004 Arctic winte...

BACKGROUND To select optimal candidates for extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP), we retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of metabolic response by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy to predict prognosis for patients with resectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) who underwent EPP in a multicenter study. PATIENT...

Environmental factors can shape reproductive investment strategies and influence the variance in male mating success. Environmental effects on extrapair paternity have traditionally been ascribed to aspects of the social environment, such as breeding density and synchrony. However, social factors are often confounded with habitat quality and are challenging to disentangle. We used both natural ...

We revisit a unique building system including base-isolation, building-connection hybrid control system. The base-isolation withstands pulse-type earthquake ground motions effectively and the resists long-duration efficiently. A simple smart critical response evaluation method without nonlinear time-history analysis is proposed for this under near-fault motions. An analytical expression of maxi...