Multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography (EIT) systems require stable voltage controlled current generators that will work over a wide frequency range and with a large variation in load impedance. In this paper we compare the performance of two commonly used designs: the first is a modified Howland circuit whilst the second is based on a current mirror. The output current and the output ...

[1] We consider the use of lumped voltage and current sources in engineering lightning return stroke models with emphasis on those including a tall strike object. If the model is to be used for computing remote electric and magnetic fields, we suggest a representation of the lightning channel as a transmission line energized by a lumped voltage source, with the voltage magnitude being expressed...

This paper represents design broadband impedance matching circuit for Coupler to improve power transfer efficiency in the broadband power line communication (BPLC) systems. The Butterworth gain function equalizer is used to design broadband matching circuit. A practical PLC Coupler impedance matching circuit is designed, and the characteristics for S11 and S21 of PLC Coupler are enhanced compar...

Measurements of middle ear (ME) acoustic power flow and related measures (e.g., reflectance, absorbance, impedance, resistance, and reactance) have several important advantages over other measures of acoustic impedance, such as the clinical “gold standard” measure, tympanometry. In addition to its wide bandwidth and ease of use, the absorbance curve, on a dB scale, has a shape that is similar t...

It was previously suggested that the mechanical properties of the fingertip could be characterized by elasticity from dc to about 100Hz and by viscosity above this frequency. Using a specifically designed high mobility probe, we accurately measured the impedance of the fingertips of seven participants under a variety of conditions relevant to purposeful touch. Direct measurements vindicated pre...

Digital waveguide (DW) modeling techniques are typically associated with a traveling-wave decomposition of wave variables and a “reflection function” approach to simulating acoustic systems. As well, it is often assumed that inputs and outputs to/from these systems must be formulated in terms of traveling-wave variables. In this paper, we provide a tutorial review of DW modeling of acoustic str...

When studying electrochemical systems, EIS practitioners face the challenge of choosing a relevant equivalent electrical circuit to analyze their measurement data and interpreting role its components. In this review, we take closer look at use circuits (EEC) across various application domains.We aim aid in determining evaluating EEC-based analysis methodology light recent progress from all doma...