Soft errors that affect flip-flops are a major issue in advanced electronic circuits. As technology scales, multiple bit errors become more likely. This limits the applicability of traditional protection techniques like triplication with voting or single error correction codes that can correct only one error. Multiple errors tend to affect adjacent bits, and therefore it is interesting to use e...

Network mobilephone-based positioning experiences degradation of location accuracy due to localised non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal propagation. This is well known to be a major source of error in network-based mobilephone positioning. NLOS error systematically causes the Mobile Station (MS) to appear further away from the base station than it actually is, thereby increasing the positioning err...

  Objective(s): In SPECT, the sinogram contains scatter and lack of attenuated counts that degrade the reconstructed image quality and quantity. Many techniques for attenuation and scatter correction have been proposed. An acceptable method of correction is to incorporate effects into an iterative statistical reconstruction. Here, we propose new Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximiz...

We aim at a survey on adaptive finite element methods for optimal control problems associated with second order elliptic boundary value problems. Both unconstrained and constrained problems will be considered, the latter in case of pointwise control and pointwise state constraints. Mesh adaptivity is realized in terms of a posteriori error estimators obtained by using residual-type error contro...

In this paper, a Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) reduction technique in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems is proposed. This technique uses error correction capability of channel coding to reduce the PAPR.The coded bits at the input of OFDM modulator are separated into two groups of the Most Significant Bits (MSB) and the LeastSignificant Bits (LSB). The bits are mappe...

Thwarting severe cryptographic hardware attacks requires new approaches to logic and physical designs. This paper presents a systematic design approach to fault tolerant cryptographic hardware designs by combining the concurrent error detection and correction, and uniform switching activity cells. The effectiveness of the Hamming code based error correction schemes as a fault tolerance method i...

In this paper, we extend the adjoint error correction of Pierce and Giles [SIAM Review, 42 (2000), pp. 247-264] for obtaining superconvergent approximations of functionals to Galerkin methods. We illustrate the technique in the framework of discontinuous Galerkin methods for ordinary differential and convection-diffusion equations in one space dimension. It is well known that approximations to ...

OBJECTIVE Methodological approaches have been developed to minimize effects of measurement error in dietary intake data. The objective of the study was to apply a strategy to correct intake data according to measurement error. METHODS Intake data were obtained by applying the Food Frequency Questionnaire in 79 adolescents of São Paulo city, Brazil. Correction of dietary intake data was perfor...

We present a novel method for evaluating grammatical error correction. The core of our method, which we call MaxMatch (M), is an algorithm for efficiently computing the sequence of phrase-level edits between a source sentence and a system hypothesis that achieves the highest overlap with the goldstandard annotation. This optimal edit sequence is subsequently scored using F1 measure. We test our...

With regard to the nonlinearity, installation errors and other uncertainties existing in biaxial inclination sensors of borehole inclinometer, this article contrastively applies traditional curve fitting method and artificial neural network theory in the error correction work of inclinometer. Besides, this article also establishes the coordinate transformation model and gives details about the ...