A 5-year-old male cross-bred guard dog with signs of anorexia, vomiting and jaundice was referred to Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran. Initial diagnostic laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, haemoconcentration, azotaemia, high liver enzyme activities, proteinuria and bilirubinuria. Aggressive therapeutic procedures failed to improv...

introduction: zearalenone is a mycotoxin compound produced mainly by the fusarium species of fungi which is present in several types of foods. t he purpose of this study was to determine the zearalenone in raw animal origin food produced in north-west of iran . materials and methods: from june to december 2012, a total of 210 samples (containing 70 raw milk, 70 meat and 70 liver) were obtained ...

Long before bacteria infected humans, they infected amoebas, which remain a potentially important reservoir for human disease. Diverse soil amoebas including Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba can host intracellular bacteria. Though the internal environment of free-living amoebas is similar in many ways to that of mammalian macrophages, they differ in a number of important ways, including temperatu...

The use of antimicrobial agents (AA) is required for the treatment of infectious diseases, but, at the same time, is the main cause for the selection of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. The wide use of AA in human medicine is a key cause of this problem, but not the only one, as other ‘‘non-human’’ uses of AA are also contributing to the alarming increase of resistant bacteria. AA are used in ...

Recently, probiotics are increasingly being used for human health. So far, only lactic acid bacteria isolated from the gastrointestinal tract were recommended use as probiotics. However, more authors suggest that can be also unconventional sources, such fermented food products of animal and plant origin. Traditional a rich source microorganisms, some which may have probiotic properties. A novel...