ft-raman spectra of saffron (crocus sativus l.) with a partial assignment is reported. based on the raman data, it is concluded that main pigments in saffron are crocins and crocetin. it is proposed that the quickly attainable ft-raman spectrum of solid saffron, may be used as a means of saffron standardization.

Spectral signatures represent complex physical and biophysical relationships. Consideration and documentation of potential variables affecting these signatures are essential in obtaining meaningful spectra. A lack of standardised procedures and metadata collection has limited the transfer of spectra from one application to another. Here we describe the design and implementation of a standard me...

We study the unstable spectrum of an equation that arises in geophysical fluid dynamics known as the surface quasi-geostrophic equation. In general the spectrum is the union of discrete eigenvalues and an essential spectrum. We demonstrate the existence of unstable eigenvalues in a particular example. We examine the spectra of the semigroup and the evolution operator. We exhibit the structure o...

Sulfhydryl reagents, as well as mild hydrogen peroxide oxidation, do not inhibit the activity of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase, indicating that the single thiol group and 3 methionine residues present in the enzyme are not essential for activity. Nitration of phosphoglycerate kinase by tetranitromethane inhibits the enzyme by reaction with a single tyrosine residue. Substrates provide partial p...

In the design of the small hermetic compressor, the forces acting on the compressor shell are important parameters to study for noise and vibration control. However, the input forces to the shell cannot be measured directly. In this paper, random force spectra on compressor shell has been measured indirectly with in-situ · vibration responses and system information. Three existing techniques of...

For two graphs $mathrm{G}$ and $mathrm{H}$ with $n$ and $m$ vertices, the corona $mathrm{G}circmathrm{H}$ of $mathrm{G}$ and $mathrm{H}$ is the graph obtained by taking one copy of $mathrm{G}$ and $n$ copies of $mathrm{H}$ and then joining the $i^{th}$ vertex of $mathrm{G}$ to every vertex in the $i^{th}$ copy of $mathrm{H}$. The neighborhood corona $mathrm{G}starmathrm{H}$ of $mathrm{G}$ and $...

Meson spectra given as fluctuations of a D7 brane are studied under the background driven by the dilaton. This leads to a dual gauge theory with quark confinement due to the gauge condensate. We find that the effect of the gauge condensate on the meson spectrum is essential in order to make a realistic hadron spectrum in the non-supersymmetric case. In the supersymmetric case, however, only the...

Recent spectral analysis of the SDSS DR3 has provided a wealth of information determined from the fossil record concerning star formation rates, stellar mass buildup, dust content and stellar mass functions. Essential to this work is an understanding of how model choice influences results gained from the analysis of galaxy spectra. We summarize the results of analyzing two plates of SDSS spectr...

Alcoholato Complexes, Cobalt(II) Chlorides Alcoholato complexes of cobalt(II) chloride with the general formula, C0CI2 • x R O H (where R = Me, Et, Pr», Bu», Bu«, Bu* and Bu') have been synthesised by the reactions of anhydrous C0CI2 with an excess of the appropriate alcohols under reflux. Physicochemical studies such as electronic, infra-red spectra, magnetic and conductivity measurements have...

Genomes of higher eukaryotes are mosaics of segments with various structural, functional, and evolutionary properties. The availability of whole-genome sequences allows the investigation of their structure as "texts" using different statistical and computational methods. One such method, referred to as Compositional Spectra (CS) analysis, is based on scoring the occurrences of fixed-length olig...