Abstract We study kernelization of classic hard graph problems when the input graphs fulfill triadic closure properties. More precisely, we consider recently introduced parameters number c and weak $$\gamma $$ ? (Fox et al. SIAM J Comput 49(2):448–464, 2020) in addition to standard parameter solution size k ....

Abstract Kristiansen and Murwanashyaka recently proved that Robinson arithmetic, Q, is interpretable in an elementary theory of full binary trees, T. We prove that, conversely, T Q by producing a formal interpretation concatenation QT + , thereby also establishing mutual interpretability with several well-known weak essentially undecidable theories numbers, strings, sets. introduce “hybrid” str...

the principle of “non-retractable agreement between contractual and non-contractual responsibility” is a traditional rule in the french law and countries adapting the french law of harmony and homogeneity; this rule means that if the claim for petition is based on the mistake, i.e., if it was meant to be based on contractual liability, rather than liability enforced in accordance with establish...

In recent years, multiple geospatial ontologies have been developed for a wide range of different spatial databases. In addition, the development of volunteered geographic information both challenges and provides opportunities to the traditional authenticated geospatial information. Though volunteered geographic information is typically not as reliable and structured as the authenticated geospa...