background: dealing with ethical considerations is a major component of health technology assessment (hta) definitions. objectives: present study aimed to explore and describe the manner of ethical analyses in hta reports and the effects it had on hta-related decision making around the world.   methods: by considering the contextual milieu of reports and searching for ethical themes and subject...

public health ethics is a field that covers both factual and ethical issues in health policy and science, and has positive obligations to improve the well-being of populations and reduce social inequalities. it is obvious that various philosophies and moral theories can differently shape the framework of public health ethics. for this reason, the present study reviewed theories of justice in or...

Forensic psychiatrists have been sensitive to the ethical considerations that follow from working at the "interface" of medicine and law. These ethical issues have been discussed both from a theoretical and from a personal perspective. 1.2 Current ethical theories presuppose a Newtonian, mechanistic model of science that requires pure objective data and a SUbject/object dualism. This outmoded v...

Despite a growing global commitment to the provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART), its availability is still likely to be less than the need. This imbalance raises ethical dilemmas about who should be granted access to publicly-subsidized ART programmes. This paper reviews the eligibility and targeting criteria used in four case-study countries at different points in the scale-up of ART, wit...

With the institutionalization of algorithms as content creators, professional journalism is facing transformation and novel ethical challenges. This article focuses on the concept of Algorithmic Journalism on the basis of natural language generation and provides a framework to identify and discuss ethical issues. The analysis builds on the moral theories of deontology, utilitarianism, virtue et...

Normative conclusions in economics are usually based upon a set of assumptions which are untenable in the health sector. Persistence with these assumptions highlights a more fundamental problem: the epistemology of normative economics—the methodology for drawing conclusions with respect to the improvement of social well-being—is itself flawed. Orthodox economics does not include a process for s...