Abstract Despite the increasing interest in applying composts as soil amendments worldwide, there is a lack of knowledge on short-term effects compost structural and hydraulic properties. Our goal was to study effect vermicompost-based structure, water retention characteristics, aggregate stability plant use efficiency compared that mineral fertilizers food-waste digestate examine if these are ...

The ability of trees to suck water from roots to leaves, sometimes to heights of over a hundred meters, is remarkable given the absence of any mechanical pump. This study deals with a number of issues, of both an historical and conceptual nature, in the orthodox “Cohesion-Tension” theory of the ascent of sap in trees. The theory relies chiefly on the exceptional cohesive and adhesive properties...

Proper partitioning of the surface energy fluxes that drive the evolution of the planetary boundary layer in numerical weather prediction models requires an accurate representation of initial land surface conditions. Unfortunately, soil temperature and moisture observations are unavailable in most areas and routine daily estimates of vegetation coverage and biomass are not easily available. Thi...

Upstream soil and water conservation measures in catchments can have positive impact both upstream in terms of less erosion and higher crop yields, but also downstream by less sediment flow into reservoirs and increased groundwater recharge. Green Water Credits (GWC) schemes are being developed to encourage upstream farmers to invest in soil and water conservation practices which will positivel...

carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation, and transpiration in a Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. ex Kuzen forest in eastern Siberia. At the CO2 concentration of ambient air, maximum values (mean of 10 highest measured values) for CO2 assimilation, transpiration and leaf conductance for water vapor were 10.1 μmol m s, 3.9 mmol m s and 365 mmol m s, respectively. The corresponding mean values, which were m...

Daily and seasonal fluxes of carbon dioxide and water vapor above a north Australian savanna were recorded over a complete dry season-wet season annual cycle using the eddy covariance technique. Wet season rates of photosynthesis and transpiration were larger than those measured in the dry season and were dominated by the presence of the grassy understory. As the dry season progressed and the g...

The impacts of economic forest on global environmental change (GEC) are one of the hot issues in environmental study. Based on the 3-year observation data and 40-year climate data, GEC and analysis of the hydrological dynamic characteristics of rubber plantations and estimate of the water balance in the rubber plantations in Hainan Island were made. The results showed that the rainfall intercep...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The influence of stomatal architecture on stomatal conductance and on the developing concentration gradient was explored quantitatively by comparing diffusion rates of water vapour and CO(2) occurring in a set of three-dimensional stoma models. The influence on diffusion of an internal cuticle, a sunken stoma, a partially closed stoma and of substomatal chambers of two diffe...

Abstract Accurate simulation of evapotranspiration (ET) is essential to enhance efficient irrigation management in the maize field. Here, we evaluated performance four mathematical models for estimating ET maize. The based on surface resistance calculate from different vapor sources, which are Penman‐Monteith (PM) through “big leaf” model, Shuttleworth‐Wallace (SW) model distinguishing between ...

Climate variability is the major risk to agricultural production in semi-arid agroecosystems and the key challenge to sustain farm livelihoods for the 500 million people who inhabit these areas worldwide. Short-season grain legumes have great potential to address this challenge and help to design more resilient and productive farming systems. However, grain legumes display a great diversity and...