Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) are a basic, non-invasive method of neurophysiological investigation. They can be used to assess aspects of human cognitive information processing. They also can be used in experiments on higher mammals. The most important and the most studied component of the ERP record is the P3 wave. It consists of two parts, P3a and P3b. There is no doubt that, besides the us...

In our previous studies, we have demonstrated an ERP correlate of visual memory with a modified delayed matching-to-sample paradigm using a series of nonsense line drawings or faces as stimuli. In this experiment, we employed pictures of objects to determine whether the ERP can reflect the object recognition process and whether visual stimuli with a verbal label would result in a different topo...

Although extensive work has been conducted in order to study expectancies about semantic information, little effort has been dedicated to the study of the influence of expectancies in the processing of forthcoming syntactic information. The present study tries to examine the issue by presenting participants with grammatically correct sentences of two types. In the first type the critical word o...

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a potentially powerful tool for analyzing eventrelated potentials (ERPs), one of the most popular measures of brain function in cognitive neuroscience. Based on the statistics of the electroencephalogram (EEG), from which ERPs are derived, ICA may be able to extract multiple, functionally distinct sources of an ERP generated by disparate regions of cerebr...

OBJECTIVE An event-related potential (ERP) correlate of visual short-term memory (VMP) has been identified in our laboratory. This study aims to determine how stimulus load modulates recognition processing of digits. METHODS ERPs were recorded from 117 healthy right-handed subjects during a delayed matching-to-sample paradigm, using number stimuli that were either low load (three digits long)...

The methods used to evaluate event-related potentials (ERPs) are generally insensitive to nonlinear responses. Our goal was to show that nonlinear ERPs could be detected using recurrence analysis (RA). When fixed-phase sine signals were added to baseline electroencephalograms (EEGs), the added linear determinism was detected by signal averaging, as expected, and by RA. However, when nonlinear d...

Event-related potentials include not only the short duration evoked potentials (EPs) associated with sensory stimulation or motor response but also longer duration potentials such as the contingent negative variation, for which the eliciting events are more complex. For EPs there seems to be a relationship between the latency of the EP component and the degree of influence by more cognitive psy...