copper is a micronutrient which its, deficiency can alter essential functions in plant metabolism. on the other hand, excess copper is present in certain regions and environments, and can be potentially toxic to plants causing phytotoxicity by the formation of reactive oxygen species that damage cells. in this study, we examined the effect interactions between various concentrations of sodium n...

abstract the existence of various perceptions related to the efficiency of water use in agricultural sector can hamper the development of appropriate water resource conservation policies. particularly, when there has been an emphasis on increasing water use efficiency by improvement in irrigation systems. the main purpose of current study is to estimate excess water use for a sample of 15 farms...

Water stable isotopes in Greenland ice core data provide key paleoclimatic information, and have been compared with precipitation isotopic composition simulated by isotopically enabled atmospheric models. However, postdepositional processes linked with snow metamorphism remain poorly documented. For this purpose, monitoring of the isotopic composition (δ18O, δD) of near-surface water vapor, pre...

Air pollution consists of both gaseous and particulate-matter pollutants. The former include nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and sulphur dioxide (SO2). The latter consist of particulate matter of varying aerodynamic diameter, as defined by cutoff points—for example, particles with diameters of ,10 mm (PM10) or ,2.5 mm (PM2.5). Because of their small size, these particles can be inhaled deep...

Epidemiologic studies over the last 40 years suggest rather consistently that general ambient air pollution, chiefly due to the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, may be responsible for increased rates of lung cancer. This evidence derives from studies of lung cancer trends, studies of occupational groups, comparisons of urban and rural populations, and case-control and cohort studies using...

Epidemiologic studies over the last 40 years have observed that general ambient air pollution, chiefly due to the by-products of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, is associated with small relative increases in lung cancer. The evidence derives from studies of lung cancer trends, studies of occupational groups, comparisons of urban and rural populations, and case-control and cohort stud...

A new mechanical supercharger-a low compression ratio scroll compressor was introduced in this paper, including the principle, scroll geometry, suction volume, inner compression ratio, etc. Then the advantages of the scroll supercharger were pointed out compared with other superchargers. After some concrete design considerations, a prototype was made and the performance tests showed the results...

BACKGROUND Few studies have explored the relation between air pollution and general practitioner (GP) consultations in Asia. Clinic attendance data from a network of GPs were studied, and the relationship between daily GP consultations for upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and non-URTI respiratory diseases and daily air pollutant concentrations measured in their respective districts was...

Yeasts are ubiquitous in terrestrial and aquatic microbiota, yet their ecological functionality remains relatively unexplored in comparison with other micro-organisms. This paper formulates and tests the novel hypothesis that heat produced by the sugar catabolism of yeast populations inhabiting floral nectar can increase the temperature of floral nectar and, more generally, modify the within-fl...

In this issue Sree Devi and coworkers1 report the results of a cytogenetic investigation on traffic policemen from an Indian metropolitan area. The study shows a distinct excess of cytogenetic damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of policemen compared to indoor workers, highlighting the genotoxic consequences of the exposure to urban air pollutants. Genetic damage, for the severity and irreve...