conclusions in cd4 positive cell count below 500, the dominant radiographic pattern of tuberculosis is atypical presentation. at this level of immunity, cd 4 positive t cell dysfunction may play a deterministic role in tb radiographic manifestation. results of a total 15 patients (86.7% men and 13.3% women), 78.6% had cd4 positive counts below 350 (mean ± sd; 229.15 ± 199.45). the most common r...

The development of AIDS in chronic HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection has been closely linked to progressive failure of CD4(+) memory T cell (T(M)) homeostasis. CD4(+) naive T cells (T(N)) also decline in these infections, but their contribution to disease progression is less clear. We assessed the role of CD4(+) T(N) in SIV pathogenesis using rhesus macaques (RMs) selectively an...

Background: Lymphocyte subsets enumeration is considered prominent in the management of primary and acquired immunodeficiency disorders. Because of local variations due to race, age, gender, and environmental conditions on lymphocyte subsets, and to improve the accuracy of interpretation of laboratory findings, reference intervals must be determined in every population. Objective: To establish ...

Most patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who remain CD4(+) T-cell deficient on antiretroviral therapy (ART) exhibit marked immune activation. As CD4(+) T-cell activation may be mediated by microbial translocation or interferon-alpha (IFN-α), we examined these factors in HIV patients with good or poor CD4(+) T-cell recovery on long-term ART. Messenger RNA levels for 3 interferon-sti...

Immune activation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV disease. Although the causes are not fully understood, the forces that lead to immune dysfunction differ for CD4 and CD8 T cells. In this study, we report that the molecular pathways that drive immune activation during chronic HIV infection are influenced by differences in the homeostatic regulation of the CD4 and CD8 T cell p...

The factors involved in the differentiation of memory CD4 T cells from naïve precursors are poorly understood. We developed a system to examine the effect of increased competition for antigen by CD4 T cells on the generation of memory in response to infection with a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus. Competition was initially regulated by increasing the precursor frequency of adoptively tr...