In this paper, we analyze the problem of determining orbital hypernormal forms—that is, simplest analytical expression that can be obtained for a given autonomous system around an isolated equilibrium point through time-reparametrizations and transformations in state variables. We show computation forms carried out degree by using quasi-homogeneous expansions vector field means reduced near-ide...

The author reviewed the placebo-controlled literature on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for depression. No study demonstrated a significant difference between real and placebo (sham) ECT at 1 month posttreatment. Many studies failed to find a difference between real and sham ECT even during the period of treatment. Claims in textbooks and review articles that ECT is effective are not consisten...