In this study, surface electromyography (EMG) signals of the Gastrocnemius, Tibialis anterior and Soleus muscles were recorded on various subject during their daily life activities such as walking and stair ascent and decent. The lowerlimb muscle activities have been studied to enable power-assist robotic systems to estimate human lower-limb muscle activities based on muscle electromyographic (...

A pneumatic exoskeleton intended to decrease the muscle activity of the knee extensors during walking on a negative slope is presented. The device consists of an air spring that can be engaged and disengaged via a solenoid valve. When engaged, the air spring resists knee flexion. A preliminary evaluation of the device was conducted with a single healthy subject. During testing, the EMG activity...

hopping Leg exoskeleton reduces the metabolic cost of human You might find this additional info useful... physiology, especially those papers emphasizing adaptive and integrative mechanisms. It is published 12 times a publishes original papers that deal with diverse area of research in applied

The later juvenile ontogeny of the caudal plate of the early Ordovician pliomerid trilobite Hintzeia plicamarginis new species likely comprised an initial phase during which the rate of appearance of new segments subterminally exceeded that of segment release into the thorax, a short phase of constant segment numbers, and a later phase during which release occurred but in which no new segments ...

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We present experimental data for an ankle exoskeleton that provides a metabolic benefit during running. Intuitively, there is an optimal level of power that any particular human can accept and use to benefit walking or running, which is a function of the particular human, the selected gait, and speed. We provide and discuss modeling optimization results to complement our recent data for the dev...

Exoskeletons of beetles and their associated morphological characteristics can serve many different functions, including thermoregulation. We study the thermal role of the exoskeleton in 13 Geotrupidae dung beetle species using heating experiments under controlled conditions. The main purpose was to measure the influence of heating sources (solar radiance vs. infrared), animal position (dorsal ...

Robotic exoskeletons are being developed to assist humans in tasks such as robotic rehabilitation, assistive living, industrial and other service applications. Exoskeletons for the upper limb are required to encompass the shoulder whilst achieving a range of motion so as to not impede the wearer, avoid collisions with the wearer, and avoid kinematic singularities during operation. However this ...

The multienzyme complex prolyl 4-hydroxylase catalyzes the hydroxylation of proline residues and acts as a chaperone during collagen synthesis in multicellular organisms. The beta subunit of this complex is identical to protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). The free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is encased in a collagenous exoskeleton and represents an excellent model for the study of col...

The molting cycle of nematodes involves the periodic synthesis and removal of a collagen-rich exoskeleton, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we describe the mlt-10 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans, which emerged from a genetic screen for molting-defective mutants sensitized by low cholesterol. MLT-10 defines a large family of nematode-specific proteins compris...