نتایج جستجو برای: exosome activity

تعداد نتایج: 1137073  

2012
Esben Lorentzen Elena Conti

The RNA exosome is an important protein complex that functions in the 3' processing and degradation of RNA in archaeal and eukaryotic organisms. The archaeal exosome is functionally similar to bacterial polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) and RNase PH enzymes as it uses inorganic phosphate (Pi) to processively cleave RNA substrates releasing nucleoside diphosphates. To shed light on the mecha...

Journal: :Journal of virology 2016
Shubham Shrivastava Pradip Devhare Nanthiya Sujijantarat Robert Steele Young-Chan Kwon Ranjit Ray Ratna B Ray

UNLABELLED Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in humans. We showed previously that HCV induces autophagy for viral persistence by preventing the innate immune response. Knockdown of autophagy reduces extracellular HCV release, although the precise mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we observed that knockdown of aut...

2015
Paul R Tomlinson Ying Zheng Roman Fischer Ronny Heidasch Chris Gardiner Samuel Evetts Michele Hu Richard Wade-Martins Martin R Turner John Morris Kevin Talbot Benedikt M Kessler George K Tofaris

OBJECTIVE Whether circulating microvesicles convey bioactive signals in neurodegenerative diseases remains currently unknown. In this study, we investigated the biochemical composition and biological function of exosomes isolated from sera of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Proteomic analysis was performed on microvesicle preparations from grouped samples of patients with gene...

2017
Fei Tian Yanting Shen Zhenzhu Chen Rui Li Qinyu Ge

BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that are involved in many biological regulation processes. Studies have reported that miRNAs are enriched in human plasma and plasma-derived exosome as novel diagnostic biomarkers. The aim of this study was to determine whether the miRNA expression levels are different between plasma and plasma-derived exosome. METHODS We sequenced and qu...

Journal: :The EMBO journal 2007
Mathieu Rougemaille Rajani Kanth Gudipati Jens Raabjerg Olesen Rune Thomsen Bertrand Seraphin Domenico Libri Torben Heick Jensen

The nuclear exosome is involved in numerous RNA metabolic processes. Exosome degradation of rRNA, snoRNA, snRNA and tRNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is activated by TRAMP complexes, containing either the Trf4p or Trf5p poly(A) polymerase. These enzymes are presumed to facilitate exosome access by appending oligo(A)-tails onto structured substrates. Another role of the nuclear exosome is that of...

2013
Filipa P. Reis Ana Barbas A. A. Klauer-King Borislava Tsanova Daneen Schaeffer Eduardo López-Viñas Paulino Gómez-Puertas Ambro van Hoof Cecília M. Arraiano

In eukaryotes, the exosome plays a central role in RNA maturation, turnover, and quality control. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the core exosome is composed of nine catalytically inactive subunits constituting a ring structure and the active nuclease Rrp44, also known as Dis3. Rrp44 is a member of the ribonuclease II superfamily of exoribonucleases which include RNase R, Dis3L1 and Dis3L2. In th...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known due to their immunomodulatory effect, but the exact mechanisms have not been defined. Several studies demonstrated that the exerted immunoregulatory effect of these cells could be mediated by paracrine factors to illustrate, cytokines, chemokine, and among which, extracellular vesicles are one of them to play a crucial role. Moreover, it is assumed t...

Journal: :Genes & development 1999
C Allmang E Petfalski A Podtelejnikov M Mann D Tollervey P Mitchell

We previously identified a complex of 3' --> 5' exoribonucleases, designated the exosome, that is expected to play a major role in diverse RNA processing and degradation pathways. Further biochemical and genetic analyses have revealed six novel components of the complex. Therefore, the complex contains 11 components, 10 of which are predicted to be 3' --> 5' exoribonucleases on the basis of seq...

2018
Hsin-Yi Lee Chi-Kuan Chen Chun-Ming Ho Szu-Shuo Lee Chieh-Yu Chang Kuan-Ju Chen Yuh-Shan Jou

Targeting tumor angiogenesis is a common strategy against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, identification of molecular targets as biomarker for elevating therapeutic efficacy is critical to prolong HCC patient survival. Here, we showed that EIF3C (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit C) is upregulated during HCC tumor progression and associated with poor patient surv...

Journal: :Nanoscale 2021

Exosome seeded on the designed scaffold can achieve local and sustained-release for efficient tissue repair.

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