OBJECTIVES To explore whether treatment outcomes are associated with a patient's degree of general hopefulness, expectations regarding treatment, attributions of health status, beliefs about mind-body dualism, and patient-provider relationship factors, I studied acupuncture patients' goal attainment. METHODS Sixty-two acupuncture patients were interviewed before and after acupuncture regardin...

We conduct a laboratory experiment to test whether subjects tend to meet the expectations of others (the guilt aversion hypothesis). The speci…city of our approach is that second-order beliefs are manipulated exogenously just by changing the parameters of the experimental game. In particular, we consider a simple communication game where the sender is perfectly informed about his material payo¤...

Human infants readily interpret others’ actions as goal-directed and their understanding of previous goals shapes their expectations about an agent’s future goal-directed behavior in a changed situation. According to a recent proposal (Luo & Baillargeon, 2005), infants’ goal-attributions are not sufficient to support such expectations if the situational change involves broadening the set of cho...

From the player’s point of view, action is an important feature of a game. Action can be created and directed by raising expectations, building up motivations and setting goals for the players. An important tool for setting up motivations and goals for the player are well-defi ned characters with distinct natures and needs. Those will create the basis of confl ict in the game. Expectations, whi...

BACKGROUND Wellbeing is one's evaluation and judgment of one's life. It consists of 3 dimensions: positive affectivity, negative affectivity, and life satisfaction. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the subjective wellbeing and positive future expectations between working and nonworking adolescents. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study was designed as descriptive and comparative. The study s...

Expectations of unconditional other-regarding preferences has shown to be important for trust game behavior and can be seen as expectations of generosity or fairness. In this thesis these expectations are captured in the variable faith. A plausible mechanism between faith and trust is developed in line with the findings of Holm and Danielson (2005). An experiment revealing faith and a standard ...

We provide experimental evidence that individuals lead by example to encourage pro-social actions to meet social expectations. Giving extra in order to encourage others to give may be due to altruism, reputational considerations or to do what individuals think is expected of them. However, the third motivation has received little attention and often is a confound of the other motivations. Our e...

Online virtual worlds such as Second Life provide a rich medium for unstructured human interaction in a shared simulated 3D environment. However, many human interactions take place in a structured social context where participants are subject to expectations governing their behaviour, and current virtual worlds do not provide any support for this type of interaction. There is therefore an oppor...

Many products have little or no value in isolation, but generate value when combined with others. Examples include: nuts and bolts, which together provide fastening services; home audio or video components and programming, which together provide entertainment services; automobiles, repair parts and service, which together provide transportation services; facsimile machines and their associated ...

background & aim : this study aimed to discover the lived experiences of patients transferred from the intensive care unit (icu) to a general ward, to reach a deeper understanding of this phenomenon. methods & materials: this is a qualitative study with an interpretative phenomenological approach, which is conducted at hospitals affiliated to universities, and private hospitals of tehran in 201...