Based on a sample of panel data for 14 countries spanning the period 2000-2018, this paper investigates effect pandemics government expenditure and public health expenditure. The empirical results show that lead to an increase in expenditure, but positive total may not be statistically significant.

The aim of this study was to determine the energy expenditure of a group of cavers of both genders and different ages and experience during a 10 hour subterranean exploration, using portable metabolimeters. The impact of caving activity on body composition and hydration were also assessed through bioelectrical impedance, and nutritional habits of cavers surveyed. During cave activity, measured ...

The large inter-individual variation in weight gain during standardized overfeeding together with a weight gain that is often less than theoretically calculated from the energy excess suggest that there are differences between persons in the capacity to regulate energy expenditure and hence metabolic efficiency. Adaptive thermogenesis is defined as the regulated production of heat in response t...

One of the most important issues in all stages of mining study is capital cost estimation. Determination of capital expenditure is a challenging issue for mine designers. In recent decade, quite a few number of studies have focused on proposing estimation models to predict mining capital cost. However, these efforts have not achieved to a predictor model with reliable range of error. Both of ov...

Background: Energy expenditure is of paramount importance in the assessment of usefulness of wheelchair for paraplegics. Despite widespread recognition of problems associated with currently available mobility systems for persons with spinal cord injuries, development of more efficient systems has been slow.  Lack of a suitable and simple technique for the assessment of energy expenditure in par...

O ne of the primary uses of data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) is the computation of weights representing the purchases of goods and services in the construction of the Consumer Price Index (CPI), a principal Federal economic indicator. Accurate representation of actual expenditures is thus critically important beyond usual data quality standards. The CE processing system has severa...