Evidence from laboratory animals suggests that certain rates of deposition of dust can slow the normal clearance of the lungs by macrophages. If this occurs in humans, then estimates of exposure or dose for epidemiologic models may be improved by explicity incorporating this "overload" phenomenon into lung dose estimates. Using a model of dust overload, the authors estimated the lung dust dose ...

We explore the requirements for adapting coastal protection EU-wide indicators nationally. The aim of this research is threefold: (a) to map at national level; (b) assess congruence between regional and estimates; (c) qualitatively our findings with subnational estimates. assessed capacity, exposure, demand adapted them zone Greece. quantitatively compared results EU model. Through visual inter...

OBJECTIVES Exposure-response relations for beryllium sensitization (BeS) and chronic beryllium disease (CBD) using aerosol mass concentration have been inconsistent, although process-related risks found in most studies suggest that exposure-dependent risks exist. We examined exposure-response relations using personal exposure estimates in a beryllium worker cohort with l...

OBJECTIVES The primary aim was to examine exposure-response relationships between cumulative occupational shoulder exposures and surgery for subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS), and to compare sex-specific exposure-response relationships. The secondary aim was to examine the time window of relevant exposures. METHODS We conducted a nationwide register study of all persons born in Denmark (...

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BACKGROUND Risk assessment requires dose-response data for the evaluation of the relationship between exposure to an environmental stressor and the probability of developing an adverse health effect. Information from human studies is usually limited and additional results from animal studies are often needed for the assessment of risks in humans. Combination of risk estimates requires an assess...

Beryllium was released into the air from routine operations and three accidental fires at the Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) in Colorado from 1958 to 1989. We evaluated environmental monitoring data and developed estimates of airborne concentrations and their uncertainties and calculated lifetime cancer risks and risks of chronic beryllium disease to hypothetical receptors. This article discusses expo...

BACKGROUND Progress has been made recently in estimating ambient PM(2.5) (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm) and ozone concentrations using various data sources and advanced modeling techniques, which resulted in gridded surfaces. However, epidemiologic and health impact studies often require population exposures to ambient air pollutants to be presented at an appropriate ce...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Time-dependent effects of antipsychotics on risk of stroke and potential effect modification by age have not been fully investigated. A case-case-time-control design uses within- and between-case comparisons to evaluate short-term effects at the same time as adjusting for unmeasured time-invariant confounders and exposure-time trends. METHODS We conducted a case-case-ti...

BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental pollutants, known human lung carcinogens, and potent mammary carcinogens in laboratory animals. However, the association between PAHs and breast cancer in women is unclear. Vehicular traffic is a major ambient source of PAH exposure. OBJECTIVES Our study aim was to evaluate the association between residential expo...